菜用大豆生育期功能基因KASP标记的开发与验证OA
Development and Validation of KASP Markers for Functional Genes Controlling Maturity in Vegetable Soybean
为构建适用于菜用大豆分子标记辅助选择的高效功能标记体系,本研究以生育期调控关键基因变异位点为靶标,开发了7 个相应的KASP(Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR)标记,涵盖J、E1～E4、GmPRR3a及GmPRR3b基因.利用290 份来自不同生育期组的菜用大豆种质资源,在北京昌平(长日照温带)和海南三亚(短日照热带)两个生态条件差异显著的试点开展田间表型鉴定与标记分型验证,系统分析基因型与生育期表型(开花时间、满粒时间和初熟时间)的关联性.田间调查显示:北京试点开花时间、满粒时间和初熟时间平均天数分别为43.5±12.5 d、103.3±20.9 d和118.3±19.4 d;海南试点对应时期分别为29.1±2.4 d、61.3±4.0 d和81.2±6.7 d.基因型-表型关联分析表明,7 个标记均能稳定区分纯合与杂合基因型,标记对生育期性状的预测准确率在不同生育阶段和环境下存在差异,对开花时间的预测准确率为52.1%～63.4%;对满粒期时间的预测准确率高达64.1%～81.7%,其中E1(G/C)、E2(A/T)、GmPRR3a(T/A)和GmPRR3b(C/T)等标记在海南试点对满粒时间的预测表现更优.单倍型分析进一步明确了关键等位变异的表型效应,E1-C、E2-T、GmPRR3a-A和 GmPRR3b-T等位基因与早花早熟表型显著关联.所构建的功能KASP标记体系可用于菜用大豆生育期性状的早期精准鉴定,为分子辅助选择与设计育种提供技术支撑.
To establish an efficient marker-assisted selection system in vegetable soybean,this study targeted variant loci within key genes regulating maturity and developed seven corresponding Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR(KASP)markers,covering the J,E1-E4,GmPRR3a and GmPRR3b.A total of 290 vegetable soybean accessions representing diverse maturity groups were phenotyped and genotyped at two ecologically contrasting sites:Changping,Beijing(long-day temperate condition)and Sanya,Hainan(short-day tropical condition).Associations between marker genotypes and maturity-related traits,including days from emergence to initial flowering(VE-R1),days to full seed stage(VE-R6),and days to initial maturity(VE-R7)were systematically analyzed.Field evaluation revealed that in Beijing,the average days to flowering,full seed stage and initial maturity were 43.5±12.5 d,103.3±20.9 d and 118.3±19.4 d,respectively;in Hainan,the corresponding values were 29.1±2.4 d,61.3±4.0 d and 81.2±6.7 d,respectively.Genotype-phenotype association analysis confirmed that all seven KASP markers reliably distinguished homozygous and heterozygous genotypes.Predictive accuracy for maturity traits varied across developmental stages and environments:accuracy for the first flowering stage ranged from52.1%to63.4%,while higher accuracy(64.1%to 81.7%)was observed for the full-seed stage,the critical phase determining commercial pod quality and yield.Notably,four markers,E1(G/C),E2(A/T),GmPRR3a(T/A)and GmPRR3b(C/T),demonstrated particularly strong predictive performance for the full seed stage under Hainan's conditions.Haplotype analysis further clarified the phenotypic effects of major allelic variants:specific alleles,including E1-C,E2-T,GmPRR3a-A and GmPRR3b-T,were significantly associated with early flowering and early maturity.The functional KASP marker system established in this study enables early and precise assessment of maturity traits in vegetable soybean,providing a reliable technical platform for molecular marker-assisted selection and designed breeding.
杨帆;王培国;孙艳辉;张繁繁;孙石;韩天富;杜吉到;袁珊
黑龙江八一农垦大学 农学院,黑龙江 大庆 163319||中国农业科学院 作物科学研究所,北京 100081||国家杂粮工程技术研究中心,黑龙江 大庆 163319中国农业科学院 作物科学研究所,北京 100081||三亚中国农业科学院 国家南繁研究院,海南 三亚 572000中国农业科学院 作物科学研究所,北京 100081中国农业科学院 作物科学研究所,北京 100081||三亚中国农业科学院 国家南繁研究院,海南 三亚 572000中国农业科学院 作物科学研究所,北京 100081黑龙江八一农垦大学 农学院,黑龙江 大庆 163319||中国农业科学院 作物科学研究所,北京 100081||三亚中国农业科学院 国家南繁研究院,海南 三亚 572000黑龙江八一农垦大学 农学院,黑龙江 大庆 163319||国家杂粮工程技术研究中心,黑龙江 大庆 163319中国农业科学院 作物科学研究所,北京 100081||三亚中国农业科学院 国家南繁研究院,海南 三亚 572000
菜用大豆生育期功能标记KASPMAS
vegetable soybeanmaturityfunctional markerKompetitive Allele-Specific PCR(KASP)Marker-Assisted Selection(MAS)
《大豆科学》 2026 (4)
1-10,10
山东省重点研发计划(农业良种工程)(2026LZGC024)国家重点研发计划(2023YFD1201300)三亚中国农业科学院国家南繁研究院"南繁专项"(YBXM2428).
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