"塞罕坝精神"视域下生态修复工程的效益费用研究OACHSSCD

After more than six decades of development,Saihanba Mechanical Forest Farm has been transformed from a desertified sandy area plagued by wind and sand into a million-mu artificial forest,becoming a global model of ecological restoration.Taking the Saihanba ecological restoration project as the research object,this paper applies the benefit-cost analysis method of engineering economics to systematically estimate the costs and benefits of the project over the calculation period from 1962 to 2035,with 2020 as the base year and 6%as the benchmark social discount rate.The results show that,as of early 2026,the forest farm had 1.151 million mu of forested land,a forest coverage rate of 82%,and a standing timber volume of 135.2 cubic meters per hectare,which is 2.76 times the national average for artificial forests;the proportion of mixed forests reached 26.1%.According to an assessment by the Chinese Academy of Forestry,the total asset value of the forest and wetland resources amounted to RMB 23.12 billion,while the annual value of ecosystem services reached RMB 15.59 billion.Based on phased discounting,the project's economic net present value(ENPV)was approximately RMB 117.652 billion,the economic benefit-cost ratio(EBCR)was approximately 59.36,the economic internal rate of return(EIRR)was approximately 23%,and the dynamic investment payback period was approximately eight years.The sensitivity analysis indicates that,under a broad range of parameters—a social discount rate of 4%-10%and a carbon price of RMB 30-70 per ton—the ENPV remained above RMB 71 billion,demonstrating a high degree of robustness.This paper further analyzes the mechanisms through which Saihanba's ecological benefits are converted into economic value from three dimensions:carbon sink trading,understory economy and industrial integration,and regional coordinated development.The study concludes that the ecological civilization value of the Saihanba project is highly consistent with its national economic feasibility,providing a practical reference for the transformation and upgrading of state-owned forest farms from"expanding green coverage"to"improving forest quality and increasing carbon sinks."