利用原生质体融合选育优质早生型黑木耳新菌株OA

Taking early-maturing,chrysanthemum-shaped,high-yielding strain'8808'and the late-maturing,danpian,high-quality strain'Heiwei Danpian'as experimental materials,monokaryotic strains with different nuclear types were obtained through protoplast preparation and regeneration techniques.The monokaryotic strains were respectively labeled by heat inactivation and UV inactivation,and then randomly fused with monokaryotic strains from different parental sources.After preliminary screening of the fusants through clamp connection examination,antagonism tests,esterase isozyme detection,and ISSR molecular markers,followed by rescreening through cultivation and fruiting body production tests,three strains with favorable agronomic traits were finally obtained.The application of protoplast fusion breeding in Auricularia auricula was investigated,with the aim of breeding new strains of black fungus possessing desirable early-maturing characteristics.The results showed that the three fusant strains formed primordia 5-7 days earlier and were harvested 6-8 days earlier than the maternal parent'Heiwei Danpian',with yield increases of 10.6％-16.5％and rehydration rate improvements of 4.8％-7.5％.Among them,strain C13 exhibited primordium formation and harvesting times 7 days and 8 days earlier than the maternal parent'Heiwei Danpian',respectively,with a 7.5％increase in fruiting body rehydration rate.