北方盐碱地花生覆膜丰产栽培技术OA

This article summarized the high-yield cultivation techniques for peanuts in saline-alkali soil.Before sowing,soil fertility should be brought to at least medium level with soil salinity≤3‰ through soil preparation,irrigation for salt leaching,and base fertilizer application.Salt-tolerant peanut varieties should be selected,with seeds sun-dried for 2-3 days at 10 days before sowing,followed by careful seed selection and seed dressing according to local pest and disease occurrence.Sowing should be carried out at the appropriate time based on soil temperature and moisture.In saline-alkali soils,ridge cultivation with double rows and plastic film mulching is recommended,with suitable planting density determined by the sowing method and a sowing depth of 3-5 cm.Field management emphasizes weeding,seedling inspection and gap-filling,water management,and pest and disease control.A combined pre-emergence and post-emergence herbicide strategy is adopted;5-10 days after emergence,seedlings should be inspected and gaps filled,and holes should be opened in the plastic film to release seedlings.During the growing season,irrigation should be applied in dry periods and drainage in waterlogged periods,with supplementary irrigation at critical stages during drought,maintaining soil water content at>40%before harvest.Disease and pest control is based primarily on agricultural,physical,and biological measures,with chemical control using highly effective and low-toxicity pesticides,and attention should be paid to pesticide rotation and safety intervals.Harvesting is carried out when more than 70%of the pods have hardened shells with clear veins,followed by timely drying.Plastic film recovery should be completed before late September.This paper provides a technical reference for high-yield peanut cultivation in saline-alkali soils.