配方肥及缓释肥施用模式在小麦生产上的应用效果OA
Application effect of formula fertilizer and slow-release fertilizer application patterns in wheat production
为探究配方肥及缓释肥在小麦生产上的应用效果,以小麦烟宏2000为供试品种,选用常规复合肥(15-15-15)、配方肥及3种缓释肥(26-12-12、25-14-6、25-15-8)为试验肥料,采用裂区设计,设8个处理,处理A施用常规复合肥并分次追施尿素;处理B施用配方肥并追施尿素和氯化钾;处理C、E、G分别以3种缓释肥作基肥,并于拔节期追施尿素;处理D、F、H则仅施相应缓释肥,不进行追肥.测定各处理小麦的总茎蘖数、株高等农艺性状,每穗实粒数、千粒重等产量构成因素以及产量,并计算经济效益.结果表明,处理B和C在拔节期、高峰期、齐穗期及成熟期的总茎蘖数均明显高于处理A(P<0.05);处理B的穗数、每穗实粒数、结实率、千粒重分别较处理A高7.76%、11.66%、7.36个百分点、7.92%,处理C分别高10.71%、13.31%、7.98个百分点、9.61%(P<0.05).处理B的籽粒产量及秸秆产量分别为611.44、679.14 kg/667 m2,处理C分别为628.78、711.42 kg/667 m2,2个处理与处理A差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05);处理B、C的产值分别较处理A高10.10%、13.22%,纯收益分别高29.00%、32.89%,产投比均为2.22.综合表明,施用配方肥(22-8-10)48 kg/667 m²作基肥,并于拔节期追施尿素11 kg/667 m²、氯化钾 4.3 kg/667 m²,以及施用缓释肥(26-12-12)45 kg/667 m²作基肥、拔节期追施尿素5.6 kg/667 m² 2种方式均能提高小麦的株高、穗数、每穗实粒数、结实率及千粒重,增加产值和收益,适宜在生产中推广应用.
To evaluate the application effects of formula fertilizer and slow-release fertilizers in wheat production,a split-plot experiment was conducted using wheat cultivar Yanhong 2000 as the test material.Five fertilizer types were tested,including conventional compound fertilizer(15-15-15),formulated fertilizer,and three slow-release fertilizers(26-12-12,25-14-6,and 25-15-8).8 fertilization treatments were established as follows:Treatment A received conventional compound fertilizer as base dressing with split applications of urea topdressing;Treatment B received formulated fertilizer as base dressing with urea and potassium chloride topdressing;Treatments C,E,and G received one of the three slow-release fertilizers as base dressing,each supplemented with urea topdressing at the jointing stage;Treatments D,F,and H received only the corresponding slow-release fertilizers as base dressing without any topdressing.Agronomic traits including total stem and tiller number,plant height,yield components such as kernel number per spike and 1 000-kernel weight,as well as grain yield were measured,and economic benefits were calculated.The results showed that the total stem and tiller numbers of treatment B and treatment C at jointing stage,peak stage,full heading stage and maturity stage were significantly higher than those of treatment A(P<0.05).Compared with treatment A,the spike number,kernel number per spike,seed setting rate and 1000-kernel weight of treatment B increased by 7.76%,11.66%,7.36 percentage points and 7.92%,respectively,while those of treatment C increased by 10.71%,13.31%,7.98 percentage points and 9.61%,respectively(P<0.05).The grain yield and straw yield of treatment B were 611.44 and 679.14 kg/667 m²,respectively,and those of treatment C were 628.78 and 711.42 kg/667 m²,respectively.The differences between these two treatments and treatment A were statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with treatment A,the output value of treatment B and treatment C increased by 10.10%and 13.22%,and the net income increased by 29.00%and 32.89%,respectively,with both treatments achieving an input-output ratio of 2.22.In summary,two fertilization methods—applying formula fertilizer(22-8-10)at 48 kg/667 m² as base fertilizer combined with urea(11 kg/667 m²)and potassium chloride(4.3 kg/667 m²)topdressing at jointing stage,and applying slow-release fertilizer(26-12-12)at 45 kg/667 m² as base fertilizer combined with urea(5.6 kg/667 m²)topdressing at jointing stage—can improve wheat plant height,spike number,kernel number per spike,seed setting rate and 1 000-kernel weight,thereby increasing output value and economic benefits.Both methods are suitable for popularization and application in wheat production.
孙楠;李山东;裴晨铃;阮流洋;罗桂杰
泗阳县农业技术推广中心,江苏泗阳 223700泗阳县农业技术推广中心,江苏泗阳 223700泗阳县农业技术推广中心,江苏泗阳 223700泗阳县农业技术推广中心,江苏泗阳 223700江苏省农业科学院宿迁农科所,江苏 宿迁 223800
农业科技
小麦缓释肥料农艺性状小麦产量配方肥
wheatslow-release fertilizeragronomic traitswheat yieldformula fertilizer
《安徽农学通报》 2026 (15)
5-8,17,5
泗阳县测土配方施肥及耕地保护与质量提升项目.
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