微针在生物医学领域的研究进展OA

Microneedles(MNs)as a minimally invasive and painless micro-needle array technology,form reversible microchannels by physically penetrating the skin's stratum corneum,breaking through the limitations of traditional transdermal drug delivery and sub-cutaneous injection.Their types including solid,hollow and dissolvable forms,with materials covering natural and synthetic polymers,inorganic materials,and composites.The fabrication processes involving 3D printing,laser micromachining and other technologies.In the biomedical field,MNs can efficiently and controllably deliver active ingredients such as small molecules,proteins and vaccines,enable continuous monitoring of biomarkers like glucose,and pierce bacterial biofilms in wound healing to synergistically exert antibac-terial,anti-inflammatory and tissue regeneration effects.However,MNs technology faces challenges including manufacturing costs,controllability of drug release and large-scale production.This review summarizes the types,materials,fabrication,applications and challenges of MNs to provide a reference for clinical translation of MNs.