基于主动脉夹层的多组学研究分析其免疫失调到细胞外基质重塑整合机制OA

Dysregulation of the immune-extracellular matrix(ECM)axis is the central pathological mechanism of aortic dissec-tion,where abnormal immune activation and ECM degradation and remodeling collectively compromise the structural integrity of the aortic wall.Multi-omics studies have revealed its molecular characteristics:genomics has identified susceptibility genes such as ACTA2 and FBN1;transcriptomics,proteomics,and metabolomics have respectively identified epigenetic regulation,key effector mol-ecules(such as MMPs and S100A8/A9),and metabolic dysregulation involved in the disease process.Perivascular adipose tissue(PVAT)drives inflammatory amplification,abnormal monocyte/macrophage infiltration and cytokine storms promote immune dysregu-lation,and excessive MMP activation mediates collagen and elastin degradation.The inflammation-ECM interaction and mechanical stress-immune feedback constitute key pathogenic loops,and single-cell technologies further dissect cellular interaction networks.Although multi-omics-driven strategies for early diagnosis and targeted therapy have been established,challenges such as population heterogeneity and model translation discrepancies remain.Future efforts should leverage artificial intelligence and spatiotemporal multi-omics to advance precise subclassification and personalized diagnosis and treatment of aortic dissection.