内蒙古露天矿区植被重建对土壤养分有效性的微生物作用规律OA

The open-pit mining process severely disrupts soil and plant properties and functions,leading to soil nutrient depletion and ecological degradation.Land reclamation by revegetation,is a crucial strategy for restoring degraded ecosystems in mining areas,with the core objective of selecting suitable plant species and optimizing plant configuration to effectively improve the regional ecological environment and facilitate the development of natural restoration technology systems.Here,this study focused on a degraded ecosystem of the Bai Yinhua open-pit mine area in Inner Mongolia,screening native plant species and conducting field experiments with different plant species combinations to investigate the changes in soil nutrient availability and the role of microbial communities during the initial stages of the vegetation restoration.The results showed that soil physicochemical properties and fungal diversity were not altered under the different combination of plant species in the early stages of vegetation restoration,indicating the strong adaptability of these systems.However,significant differences were observed in the composition of soil fungal communities and the relative abundance of saprophytic fungi under different plant combinations.This study further observed that Leymus chinensis could significantly increase the proportion of saprophytic fungi in the soil,from 67.28％in the control plot to 81.63％,and limit the relative proportion of pathogenic fungi,from 15.63％in the control plot to 4.33％,demonstrating its potential in enhancing soil health.Medicago rivularis,enhanced soil microbial communities and increased soil available phosphorus content,showing strong promise as a pioneer species for optimizing soil nutrient availability in ecological restoration.Moreover,the mixed planting of grasses and legumes plant species has the potential to enhance the nitrogen-fixing capacity of legumes.Given the significantly positive correlation between soil fungal communities and total N and available N,this study postulated that the impact of different plant community combinations on soil nutrient availability and biological health might largely stem from their regulation of soil fungal community composition.Overall,achieving the goal of selecting optimal plant configurations still requires long-term continuous observation and analysis,particularly in-depth research on the optimized configuration between excellent gramineous species like Leymus chinensis and leguminous plants.