2020-2024年重庆市渝北区肺结核流行特征及与大气污染物的相关性分析OA

Objective To describe the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Yubei District,Chongqing,and to analyze the impact of air pollutants on the risk of its incidence,so as to provide a theoretical basis for disease preven-tion and control,healthcare,and health decision-making.Methods Data were obtained from the Infectious Disease Surveil-lance and Reporting System of the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System,the Yubei District Statistical Yearbook,and the China National Environmental Monitoring Centre.Descriptive epidemiological methods,Joinpoint re-gression models,spatial autocorrelation analysis,and Spearman rank correlation analysis were used to analyze the epidemio-logical characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in Yubei District,and its correlation with air pollutants.Results From 2020 to 2024,a total of 5,423 pulmonary tuberculosis cases were reported in Yubei District,with an average annual reported incidence of 56.50/100,000,showing an overall downward trend(average annual percent change[AAPC]=-19.99%,P<0.05).The person-place-time distribution showed that the reported incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in both males and females in Yubei District,from 2020 to 2024 showed a downward trend(male:AAPC=-19.33%,P<0.05;female:AAPC=-21.04%,P<0.05),and the average annual reported incidence in males was higher than that in females(χ2=556.653,P<0.001).Among all age groups,the top three average annual reported incidences of pulmonary tuberculosis were in the 80-89 years group(278.88/100,000),the 70-79 years group(237.57/100,000),and the≥90 years group(205.34/100,000).From 2020 to 2024,pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Yubei District were mainly concentrated among houseworkers and unemployed individuals,farmers,and other occupational groups,accounting for 70.18%of the total ca-ses.From 2020 to 2024,pulmonary tuberculosis incidence in Yubei District was sporadic,with no marked seasonal cluste-ring.From 2020 to 2024,the towns and subdistricts with higher average annual reported incidences of pulmonary tuberculosis in Yubei District were mainly distributed in areas farther from the central urban area,with the top three being Xinglong Township(105.46/100,000),Gulu Township(104.85/100,000),and Muer Township(99.49/100,000).Spatial autocorrelation analysis showed that the reported incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Yubei District from 2021 to 2024 all exhibited spatial cluste-ring,showing positive spatial correlation,but the spatial dependence gradually weakened.The high-high clustering areas were mainly concentrated in towns and subdistricts farther from the central urban area,such as Xinglong Township,Dawan Township,and Tongjing Township.Spearman correlation analysis showed that the daily number of pulmonary tuberculosis cases was positively correlated with NO2 and CO levels(P<0.05).Conclusion The reported incidence of pulmonary tubercu-losis in Yubei District,Chongqing,from 2020 to 2024 showed an overall downward trend.Prevention and control efforts should be focused on key populations,including males,the elderly aged 70 years and above,and people in rural and remote areas.In addition,there is a correlation between the occurrence and spread of pulmonary tuberculosis and air pollutants.