Revolutionizing eco-environmental solutions through 3D printing:A strategic vision for future innovationsOA

Three-dimensional(3D)printing technology is emerging as a transformative tool in eco-environmental research.It innovates environmental analysis technologies,augments environmental purification,alleviates environmental health risks,and fosters ecological sustainability.Nevertheless,most current applications of 3D printing in the eco-environmental domain remain largely confined to laboratory testing stages,with limited translation to large-scale and real-world deployment.In this viewpoint,we review recent progress and critical challenges within this field,while providing strategic perspectives for its future trajectory.We highlight the imperative to integrate cutting-edge 3D printing techniques into eco-environmental research,advance sustainable printing materials,and develop integrated multifunctional devices for environmental monitoring and remediation.Furthermore,we introduce a pioneering conceptual framework:self-sustaining composite artificial biosystems.Here we envision it as a bionic tree,a 3D-printed biohybrid construct that integrates an open microfluidic scaffold with engineered living materials to autonomously maintain biological activity through self-driven internal mass transport.While emulating key morphological and physiological features of natural plants,the bionic tree transcends its natural analogue by enabling synthetic biology-guided environmental remediation,CO_(2) sequestration,and energy production.We provide an in-depth analysis of the rationale behind this concept,assess its technical feasibility,and present a developmental roadmap for this emerging research direction.Our insights are poised to amplify the contribution of 3D printing to the eco-environmental sector,thereby facilitating environmental pollution control and sustainable development.