小麦SPFH家族的鉴定及条锈病胁迫响应特征分析OA

Wheat is a globally important food crop that supports the food security of approximately 30％of the world's population.This study systematically identified the SPFH family in common wheat(Triticum aestivum L.),comprehensively analyzed its sequence characteristics,protein structure,and response patterns to biotic stress(specifically wheat stripe rust),and revealed its potential biological functions in wheat stress resistance.By comparative genomic data from Arabidopsis thaliana,rice(Oryza sativa L.),and maize(Zea mays),we identified 60 SPFH family members at the whole-genome level in wheat.The results show that SPFH family proteins generally exhibit acidic and hydrophilic characteristics.Gene structure analysis revealed that intron lengths and numbers are similar within HIR and Flot subfamilies,whereas significant heterogeneity in sequence length exists among subfamilies.Promoter analysis further indicated that this family is enriched in cis-regulatory elements associated with growth,development,and multiple stress responses.Evolutionary analysis based on phylogeny and structural modeling yielded highly consistent results,revealing structural conservation within subfamilies and a conserved evolutionary pattern across the family.Intraspecific and interspecific synteny analyses suggested that the family underwent chromosomal translocation and gene expansion during polyploidization,with a universal 1∶3 orthologous ratio between monocots and wheat.Nucleotide diversity and heteromeric polymerization analyses uncovered the extreme conservation of the TaHIR,TaSLP,and TaPHB subfamilies,and revealed the functional potential of most members to form stable heteromeric complexes.Transcriptome and qRT-PCR analyses revealed that the SPFH family members exhibited complex expression dynamics under Puccinia striiformis f.sp.tritici stress:although the overall expression was down-regulated at the macroscopic transcriptional level,key members were significantly induced and up-regulated in the susceptible variety Avocet S.Collectively,the SPFH family is highly conserved in evolution and sensitive to biotic stress responses.This study provides important candidate targets for dissecting the molecular mechanism of wheat disease resistance and theoretical support for crop resistance improvement.