嗜黏蛋白阿克曼菌在疾病中的作用机制及应用前景OA

With the continuous in-depth research on the intestinal microbiota,the application of probiotics in the field of health and disease prevention and treatment has become increasingly widespread.Akkermansia muciniphila(A.muciniphila)is a Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium colonizing the intestinal tract,with the metabolic characteristic of using mucin as the sole carbon and nitrogen source.This bacterium plays an important role in maintaining the healthy state of the organism,especially closely related to the prevention and management of metabolic diseases.At the same time,it has shown good effects in preventing and treating piglet diarrhea,chicken Salmonella infection,laying hen fatty liver,and improving meat and egg quality,and is considered a potential probiotic.Akkermansia muciniphila can promote health through various mechanisms such as enhancing intestinal barrier function,regulating immune response,and affecting host metabolic pathways.It is worth noting that not only live bacteria can exert effects,but also pasteurized bacteria,their derived extracellular vesicles,outer membrane components,and specific secreted proteins(such as Amuc_1100)have similar efficacy.The authors systematically elaborate on the mechanism of action of Akkermansia muciniphila in intestinal diseases,obesity and metabolic disorders,kidney injury,neurological diseases,and cancer,as well as its application in livestock and poultry breeding,and also discuss its application prospects and potential in green livestock and poultry breeding and promoting the quality and efficiency of the breeding industry,so as to provide a theoretical basis for advancing the development of the probiotic industry and clarifying the direction of subsequent research.