补喂月桂酸和棕榈酸对伊犁马母马、马驹血清生化指标及马驹生长发育的影响OA

[Objective]This study aimed to investigate the effects of supplementary lauric acid and palmitic acid on the metabolic health of lactating Yili mares under grazing conditions,as well as on the growth and development and serum biochemical parameters of foals,so as to provide a theoretical basis for optimizing nutritional regulation strategies of lactating mares.[Method]A total of 18 Yili mares(5-8 years old,parity 2-4,and 30 days postpartum)with similar foaling dates and their 18 foals were selected,with a total of 36 animals.Mares were randomly divided into 3 groups(6 mares per group):Control group,group Ⅰ,and group Ⅱ,and the foals were grouped correspondingly with their dams.Under the same grazing conditions,mares in control group received no fatty acid supplementation,mares in group Ⅰ was supplemented with lauric acid at 85 mg/kg BW per mare per day,and mares in group Ⅱ was supplemented with palmitic acid at 85 mg/kg BW per mare per day for 90 days.Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of mares and foals before morning feeding on days 30,60,and 90 of the experiment,and serum biochemical parameters were determined.Body weight and body size parameters of foals were measured on days 1,30,60,and 90 to analyze the changes in growth and development.[Result]① On day 30 of the experiment,compared with control group,the albumin(ALB)content in serum of mares in group Ⅱ was extremely significantly increased(P<0.01),while serum Mg2+content in group Ⅰ was significantly increased(P<0.05).The total cholesterol(TC)content in serum of mares in group Ⅱ was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ(P<0.05),the alanine aminotransferase(ALT)activity was significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ(P<0.05),and AST/ALT was significantly higher than that in control group and group Ⅰ(P<0.05).On day 60 of the experiment,compared with control group,the TP content in serum of mares in groups Ⅰ and Ⅱ was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the urea nitrogen(UN)content in group Ⅰ and ALB content in group Ⅱ were significantly increased(P<0.05).Serum TC content and AST/ALT of mares in group Ⅱ remained significantly higher than those in the other two groups(P<0.05).On day 90 of the experiment,compared with control group,the TP and ALB contents in serum of mares in group Ⅱ were extremely significantly or significantly increased(P<0.01 or P<0.05),and UN content in group Ⅰwas significantly increased(P<0.05).No significant differences were observed in enzyme activity or mineral ion concentrations among three groups(P>0.05).② Over the entire experimental period,compared with control group,foals in group Ⅰ showed significantly or extremely significantly increased total weight gain,average daily gain,body length,and chest circumference(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the total weight gain,average daily gain,body height,and chest circumference in group Ⅱ were all significantly increased(P<0.05).③ On day 30 of the experiment,the UN content in serum of foals in group Ⅰ was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).The enzyme activity of ALT,AST,alkaline phosphatase(ALP),and γ-glutamyltranspeptidase(γ-GT)in serum of foals in group Ⅰ were extremely significantly or significantly lower than those in control group and group Ⅱ(P<0.01 or P<0.05).On day 60 of the experiment,the TP and GLB contents in serum of foals in group Ⅰ were significantly or extremely significantly higher than those in control group and group Ⅱ(P<0.05 or P<0.01),the UN content was significantly higher than that in group Ⅱ(P<0.05),the glucose(Glu)content was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05),the activities of ALT,AST,ALP,and γ-GT in group Ⅰ were significantly or extremely significantly lower than those in control group and group Ⅱ(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and Ca2+concentration was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).On day 90 of the experiment,the protein-related parameters(TP,ALB,GLB,and UN)in serum of foals in group Ⅱwere extremely significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.01),serum TG content was significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ(P<0.05),the enzyme activity was extremely significantly higher than that in group Ⅰ(P<0.05),and AST and ALP activities were significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Under grazing conditions,supplementary lauric acid and palmitic acid in Yili mares could improve nitrogen,glucose,and lipid metabolism as well as enzyme activity in both mares and foals,and promote foal growth and development.