肠道菌群-胆汁酸-FXR轴在代谢相关脂肪性肝病中的作用机制及治疗干预新进展OA

Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)is a chronic liver condition closely linked to metabolic disorders and poses a serious threat to hepatic health and systemic metabolic balance.In recent years,the gut microbiota-bile acid-farnesoid X receptor(FXR)axis has emerged as a key regulatory network bridging intestinal microbial communities,bile acid metabolism,and host gut-liver crosstalk,and has become a research hotspot in MAFLD.The gut microbiota regulates FXR activity through microbial metabolites,bile acid composition,and signaling molecules,thereby influencing hepatic lipid synthesis,inflammatory responses,and fibrotic progression,and ultimately playing a critical role in the onset and progression of MAFLD.This review systematically summarizes the molecular mechanisms by which the gut microbiota-bile acid-FXR axis mediates gut-liver interaction,explores its role in the pathogenesis of MAFLD,and highlights recent advances in therapeutic interventions,aiming to provide a theoretical foundation for precision treatment and microbiota-targeted strategies in the management of MAFLD.