海洋智慧捕捞关键技术研究进展与体系构建路径OA

Intelligent marine fishing is an emerging industrial paradigm shaped by the deep integration of next-generation information technologies with modern marine capture fisheries.It is of great significance for improving fishing efficiency,promoting the sustainable use of fishery resources,and strengthening fisheries governance capacity.In response to the increasing pressure on global fishery resources and the limitations of traditional marine fishing in operational modes,resource utilization,and regulatory support,this paper systematically reviews recent research progress in intelligent marine fishing at both domestic and international levels.It elaborates the conceptual connotation,overall framework,and core elements of intelligent marine fishing,and further synthesizes advances in key enabling technologies,including multi-source sensing,intelligent recognition,edge computing,and unmanned fishing.Focusing on representative application scenarios,this review summarizes the major research progress and application directions in intelligent fishing-ground prediction and stock assessment,intelligent equipment and selective fishing,intelligent identification and electronic monitoring,as well as full-chain traceability and intelligent management of catches.The analysis indicates that,although substantial progress has been made in key technology development and scenario-oriented applications,intelligent marine fishing still faces several major constraints,including weak data foundations,insufficient system-level coordination,limited engineering applicability,and lagging standards and institutional support.Overall,the field remains at a critical stage of transition from isolated technological exploration to systematic framework construction.Future efforts should prioritize the following aspects:(1)strengthening the multi-source data foundation by improving data collection,governance,and sharing;(2)overcoming key technological bottlenecks to enhance adaptability to complex marine operational scenarios;(3)reinforcing coordination among fishing,monitoring,and management to promote integrated system applications;and(4)improving standards,regulatory frameworks,and institutional support to sustain the development of intelligent marine fisheries.