宜机化连栋温室热环境分布及其对番茄生长的影响OA
Thermal Environment Distribution in Mechanized Multi-span Greenhouses and Its Effect on Tomato Growth
越冬番茄栽培试验于浙江省温州市苍南县宜机化双连栋塑料温室内开展,分析温室内部热环境的空间分布特征及其对作物早期生长的影响.试验在温室南北两区的中部位置(A区与B区)布设空气与土壤温度传感器,连续监测不同高度温度变化并结合作物生长指标进行分析.结果表明:温室内部存在稳定的南北温度差,A区空气与土壤温度分别较B区高2.1和1.1 ℃(P＜0.05),差异在晴、阴天条件下均长期存在,表明热环境分布具有较高的空间稳定性.A区累计有效积温为381.8 ℃·d,较B区高102.0 ℃·d,南北温差主要受外部边界条件影响:北侧毗邻河流,夜间散热增强、地温偏低;南侧紧邻其他连栋棚室,相邻结构的蓄热效应使夜间降温速率较慢,从而形成稳定的"南高北低"温度格局.热环境差异显著影响番茄早期生长,A区株高在多个测定阶段均显著高于B区,其生长优势与较高的空气温度、土壤温度及有效积温密切相关.综上,研究揭示了浙江温州地区宜机化双连栋塑料温室热环境的空间稳定性及其对番茄生长的影响规律,对浙南同类型温室的结构优化与热环境调控具有参考价值.
An experiment on overwintering tomato cultivation was conducted in a mechanized double-span plastic greenhouse in Cangnan County,Wenzhou,Zhejiang Province.The study aimed to investigate the spatial distribution characteristics of the thermal environment inside the greenhouse and their effects on early crop growth.Air and soil temperature sensors were installed in the southern(area A)and northern(area B)zones to continuously monitor temperature variations at different heights.Temperature data were analyzed alongside crop growth indicators.The main findings were as follows stable north-south temperature gradient was observed.Both air and soil temperatures in area A were significantly higher than those in area B,by 2.1 and 1.1℃,respectively(P＜0.05).This difference persisted under both sunny and cloudy conditions,indicating high spatial stability of the thermal environment.The accumulated effective temperature in area A reached 381.8℃·d,which was 102.0℃·d higher than that in area B.The temperature variation between the north and south was primarily influenced by external boundary conditions.The northern side,adjacent to a river,experienced enhanced nighttime heat dissipation and lower soil temperatures.In contrast,the southern side was close to other multi-span greenhouse structures,where heat storage from neighboring buildings slowed the nighttime cooling rate.As a result,a consistent spatial pattern of higher temperatures in the south and lower temperatures in the north was maintained.Differences in the thermal environment significantly affected early tomato growth.Plant height in area A was significantly greater than that in area B at multiple measurement stages,and this growth advantage was closely associated with higher air and soil temperatures as well as higher accumulated effective temperature.In conclusion,this study demonstrates the spatial stability of the thermal environment in a mechanized double-span plastic greenhouse in the Wenzhou area and its influence on tomato growth.The results provide a reference for structural optimization and thermal environment management of similar greenhouses in southern Zhejiang.
杨秋硕;宋卫堂;赵鹏;高丽红;芦佳蕊;陈先知
中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京 100083中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京 100083中国农业大学园艺学院,北京 100193中国农业大学园艺学院,北京 100193温州科技职业学院,浙江温州 325000温州科技职业学院,浙江温州 325000
塑料温室温度空间分布热环境番茄早期生长
plastic greenhousespatial distribution of temperaturethermal environmentearly growth of tomatoes
《中国蔬菜》 2026 (6)
121-128,8
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助项目(CARS-23-D02),苍南县现代农业产业提升项目(2023CNYJY05)
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