转关模式下危险货物海事监管的制度困境与优化路径OA

Against the backdrop of the Belt and Road Initiative and the development of the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor,customs transit transport has become a vital channel for inland regions to participate in global trade.In respect of cross-border container transportation of dangerous goods represented by new energy vehicles,current laws contain ambiguous clauses defining the responsible subjects of maritime supervision under customs transit scenarios.In practice,maritime authorities at the loading port(Qinzhou)can launch inspection only after shipping agents submit loading documents.Once hazardous defects occur in individual containers,entire consignments may be detained and relevant vessels suspended from scheduled loading.Taking the Chongqing-Qinzhou rail-sea intermodal transport as a research case,this paper demonstrates the legality and practical superiority of arranging maritime inspection at the container loading stage by maritime authorities of the port of origin in accordance with relevant regulatory provisions.Such a supervision model eliminates hidden hazards during the critical early risk formation period relying on territorial jurisdiction advantages,avoids severe maritime casualties,and resolves supply chain blockages triggered by lagged post-loading inspections at destination ports.The research offers theoretical basis and feasible optimization paths for improving the dangerous goods supervision system under customs transit intermodal transportation.