2021年至2023年焦作地区血流感染的病原菌分布特征OA
Distribution Characteristics of Pathogens Causing Bloodstream Infections in Jiaozuo from 2021 to 2023
目的 分析 2021 年至 2023 年焦作地区血流感染的病原菌分布和常见病原菌耐药性情况.方法 选取焦作市人民医院 2021 年 1 月至 2023 年 12 月 1 406 例血流感染患者,用血培养观察病原菌分布情况,采用全自动微生物鉴定及药敏分析系统进行药敏试验,按CLSI标准判读.结果 1 406例患者共检出1 432株病原菌,其中革兰阴性菌880株,大肠埃希菌占比 33.52%、肺炎克雷伯菌占比为 15.15%;其次为革兰阳性菌 519 株,金黄色葡萄球菌占比为 6.77%、表皮葡萄球菌占比为 5.31%、人葡萄球菌占比为 4.75%、屎肠球菌占比为 3.98%;真菌 31 株、人型支原体 2 株.大肠埃希菌对哌拉西林高度耐药(≥80%),对替加环素无耐药(0);肺炎克雷伯菌对黏菌素、阿米卡星、替加环素耐药率较低(＜20%).金黄色葡萄球菌对青霉素 G 高度耐药(≥80%);表皮葡萄球菌对苯唑西林、奎奴普丁/达福普汀、青霉素 G、四环素、红霉素高度耐药(≥80%);人葡萄球菌对妥布霉素、青霉素 G、四环素、苯唑西林、红霉素、奎奴普丁/达福普汀高度耐药(≥80%);屎肠球菌对苯唑西林、阿米卡星、复方新诺明全耐药(100%),对青霉素G、红霉素、庆大霉素、妥布霉素、四环素高度耐药(≥80%).结论 焦作部分地区患者血流感染病原菌分布广泛,不同病原菌耐药形势严峻,在临床诊疗中加强对血流感染病原菌及其耐药性监测,选取合适抗菌药物,以尽早控制血流感染.
Objective To analyze the distribution of pathogens causing bloodstream infections and the antimicrobial resistance of common pathogens in Jiaozuo from 2021 to 2023.Methods A total of 1,406 patients with bloodstream infections admitted to Jiaozuo People's Hospital from January 2021 to December 2023 were selected as the study subjects.Blood culture was used to analyze the distribution of pathogens.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using an automated microbial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility analysis system,and the results were interpreted according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)standards.Results A total of 1,432 pathogen strains were isolated from the 1,406 patients.Among them,880 strains were Gram-negative bacteria(61.45%),with Escherichia coli accounting for 33.52%and Klebsiella pneumoniae accounting for 15.15%.Gram-positive bacteria ranked second,with 519 strains(36.24%),including Staphylococcus aureus accounting for 6.77%,Staphylococcus epidermidis for 5.31%,Staphylococcus hominis for 4.75%,and Enterococcus faecium for 3.98%.In addition,31 fungal strains and 2 strains of Mycoplasma hominis were detected.Escherichia coli showed high resistance to piperacillin(≥80%)and no resistance to tigecycline(0).Klebsiella pneumoniae has a low resistance rate(＜20%)to colistin,amikacin,and tigecycline.Staphylococcus aureus showed high resistance to penicillin G(≥80%).Staphylococcus epidermidis showed high resistance to oxacillin,quinupristin/dalfopristin,penicillin G,tetracycline,and erythromycin(≥80%).Staphylococcus hominis showed high resistance to tobramycin,penicillin G,tetracycline,oxacillin,erythromycin,and quinupristin/dalfopristin(≥80%).Enterococcus faecium was completely resistant to oxacillin,amikacin,and compound sulfamethoxazole(100%),and showed high resistance to penicillin G,erythromycin,gentamicin,tobramycin,and tetracycline(≥80%).Conclusion The pathogens causing bloodstream infections in patients in parts of Jiaozuo are widely distributed,and antimicrobial resistance among different pathogens is severe.In clinical diagnosis and treatment,monitoring of pathogens causing bloodstream infections and their antimicrobial resistance should be strengthened,and appropriate antimicrobial agents should be selected to control bloodstream infections as early as possible.
张鑫雨;李德保
焦作市人民医院 检验科,河南 焦作 454000焦作市人民医院 检验科,河南 焦作 454000
血流感染病原菌耐药性焦作地区
bloodstream infectionpathogenantimicrobial resistanceJiaozuo region
《临床研究》 2026 (6)
118-121,4
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