从"昼精夜瞑"探析虫类药的药食应用OA

The concept of"daytime vigor and nighttime repose"takes the synchronization of human wake-sleep rhythms with the yin-yang alternation of heaven and earth as its pivotal mechanism.Insect medicines,possessing the nature of"flesh-and-blood sentient beings",are adept at penetrating,scouring,and eliminating pathogenic factors,reaching deep into the meridians and bones to mediate yin and yang.Among Chinese medicines,Dilong(Pheretima),Jiangcan(Bombyx Batryticatus),Chantui(Cicadae Periostracum),Fengfang(Vespae Nidus),Tubiechong(Eupolyphaga Steleophaga),and Haima(Hippocampus)are also edible and can be incorporated into diets at safe dosages for gentle regulation.They exert effects such as removing blood stasis and resolving phlegm,regulating menstruation and unblocking collaterals,nourishing yin and supplementing deficiency,and warming yang and invigorating the spleen-fully aligning with the"food-medicine homology"philosophy.These properties provide new strategies that can be applied both as food and medicine for rhythm disorders including insomnia and seasonal depression.Grounded in the"daytime vigor and nighttime repose"theory,this study,based on ancient and modern literature and integrating chronobiology,pharmacokinetics,and clinical reports,classifies the above mentioned representative insect medicines into a bidirectional framework of"ascending yang"and"subduing yang,"and summarizes their active ingredients,circadian pharmacokinetic characteristics,and examples of medicinal diets.The aim is to provide an evidence-based pathway and reference for the dietary nourishment and therapeutic application of insect medicines.