α-亚麻酸对Th17细胞免疫调控机制及其应用研究进展OA

As a polyunsaturated fatty acid with immunomodulatory functions,α-linolenic acid(ALA)exhibits multiple regulatory effects in chronic inflammatory diseases.Th17 cells,a key subset of CD4⁺ T lymphocytes,are closely associated with the pathological progression of various autoimmune disorders due to their aberrant activation.This review systematically outlines the biological characteristics of Th17 cells and their mechanism of action in immune homeostasis dysregulation,with a particular focus on the molecular basis by which ALA regulates Th17 cell function via multiple target pathways.For example,ALA can inhibit the differentiation of Th17 cells and reduce their numbers by regulating the transcriptional activity of the nuclear receptor RORγt,thereby decreasing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-17 and IL-21.In addition,ALA interferes with the phosphorylation and activation of the STAT3 signaling pathway,effectively blocking downstream inflammatory signal transduction.Furthermore,ALA modulates lipid metabolic pathways and energy metabolism in Th17 cells,altering their metabolic characteristics and ultimately affecting their immune activity.This article reviews the multi-faceted regulatory mechanisms of ALA on Th17 cell functions,guides the precise Th17 cell-mediated nutritional intervention strategies for ALA,and provides new insights for the healthy breeding of livestock farming.