羊肚菌白霉病拮抗菌贝莱斯芽孢杆菌分离鉴定及生防效果研究OA
Identification and Biocontrol Efficacy of an Antagonistic Bacterium Bacillus velezensis Against Morchella White Mold Disease
随着人工种植羊肚菌规模的扩大,其各类病害也随之发生,其中白霉病是危害羊肚菌最严重、最广泛的病害.为应对日益严重且难以控制的该病害,在白霉病病原菌分离过程中,获得一株能够抑制病原菌生长的细菌菌株 XJ1.基于 16S rRNA 和gyrA 基因序列的系统发育分析,结合形态学与生理生化特征,对该拮抗菌株进行鉴定;通过对峙培养测定其对多种病原菌的抑制效果及宿主羊肚菌的安全性,并观察病原菌菌丝形态变化;优化了菌株 XJ1 的发酵培养条件;通过盆栽试验测定不同浓度的拮抗菌发酵无细胞上清液对羊肚菌子实体以及白霉病病原菌的抑制效果.结果表明:菌株 XJ1 被鉴定为贝莱斯芽孢杆菌(Bacillus velezensis);对峙培养结果表明,拮抗菌 XJ1 对病原菌 Clonostachys rosea(XN－13B－5)、Pseudodiploospora longispora(MDJ－6－2B)和 Trichoderma afroharzianum(MHK－6－3)的抑制率较强,分别为 74.8%、71.7%、70.0%,而对宿主羊肚菌菌丝的抑制率仅为 19.0%;显微镜下的病原菌菌丝出现了明显的畸形、膨大等症状;发酵条件优化结果显示,YSP 培养基最适于菌株 XJ1 生长,最适碳源和最适氮源分别为 1.5%麦芽糖和 1.0%豆粕粉,最适培养温度为 28℃,最适 pH 值为 7.盆栽试验结果显示,无稀释的拮抗菌无细胞上清液会对羊肚菌子实体表面造成损伤,但稀释一定倍数后,对羊肚菌子实体无损伤,同时仍能显著抑制白霉病病原菌.综上,拮抗菌株 B.velezensis 在羊肚菌白霉病的生物防治中具有良好的生防潜力.
With the expansion of artificial cultivation of Morchella spp.,various diseases have occurred accordingly.Among them,white mold disease is one of the most severe and widespread diseases damaging Morchella.In response to the increasingly serious and difficult－to－control disease,a bacterial strain XJ1 capable of inhibiting the growth of the pathogen was obtained during the isolation of pathogenic fungi.The antagonistic strain was identified based on phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA and gyrA gene sequences,com-bined with morphological and physiological biochemical characteristics.The inhibitory effects of the strain against multiple pathogens and its safety to the host Morchella were determined through dual culture assays,and the morphological changes of pathogen hyphae were observed.The fermentation culture conditions of strain XJ1 were optimized.The inhibitory effects of different concentrations of cell－free fermentation supernatant on Morchella fruiting bodies and the white mold pathogen were determined through pot experiments.The results showed that strain XJ1 was identified as Bacillus velezensis.Dual culture assays showed that antagonistic strain XJ1 ex-hibited strong inhibitory rates against the pathogens Clonostachys rosea(XN－13B－5),Pseudodiploospora longispora(MDJ－6－2B),and Trichoderma afroharzianum(MHK－6－3),with inhibition rates of 74.8%,71.7%,and 70.0%,respectively,while the inhibition rate a-gainst the host Morchella mycelium was only 19.0%.Microscopic observation revealed obvious malformation and swelling of the pathogen hyphae.The fermentation condition optimization results showed that YSP medium was most suitable for the growth of XJ1,with the optimal carbon and nitrogen sources being 1.5%maltose and 1.0%soybean meal powder,respectively,and the optimal cul-ture temperature was 28℃,and the optimal pH value was 7.Pot experiment results showed that the undiluted cell－free supernatant of the antagonistic strain caused damage to the surface of Morchella fruiting bodies,but after being diluted to a certain concentration,it still significantly inhibited the white mold pathogen while causing no damage to the Morchella fruiting bodies.In conclusion,the an-tagonistic strain B.velezensis has good biocontrol potential in the biological control of Morchella white mold disease.
白牧青;赵琪;刘柯伶;王永威;王鲁镇;张春兰
长春大学,吉林 长春 130022长春大学,吉林 长春 130022长春大学,吉林 长春 130022长春大学,吉林 长春 130022长春大学,吉林 长春 130022长春大学,吉林 长春 130022
农业科技
羊肚菌白霉病贝莱斯芽孢杆菌生物防治
Morchellawhite mold diseaseBacillus velezensisbiocontrol
《天津农业科学》 2026 (5)
6-17,26,13
吉林省科技厅中央引领地方项目(YDZJ202401489ZYTS)
评论