多囊卵巢综合征患者临床特征的潜在类别分析OA

Objectives:To explore latent categories of clinical characteristics and influencing factors among patients with polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS). Methods:A total of 1 414 PCOS patients who visited the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from May 2021 to March 2025 were enrolled.Data on general information,menstrual patterns,and the occurrence of hirsutism,acne,and acanthosis nigricans were collected,and anxiety,depression,and sleep status were assessed.Latent class analysis was performed using Mplus 8.0 software to identify latent classes of clinical features in PCOS patients,and multinomial logistic regression analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0 software to explore the influencing factors of each class. Results:The average age of patients included in this study was(27.56±4.65)years.Overweight/obese individuals accounted for 38.19％,and 85.93％of patients experienced menstrual irregularities.The prevalence of hirsutism,acne,and acanthosis nigricans was 33.31％,71.29％,and 19.38％,respectively.Symptoms of anxiety,depression,and sleep problems were reported in 46.04％,40.88％,and 44.55％of patients,respectively.Latent class model analysis revealed that,based on clinical features,PCOS patients could be classified into four categories:the high-symptom group(n=156,11.03％),the typical physiological signs group(n=130,9.19％),the prominent psychological symptoms group(n=421,29.77％),and the low-symptom group(n=707,50.00％).Among these,the prominent psychological symptoms group was the second most prevalent category.Univariate analysis showed significant differences in age,marital status,smoking history,habit of staying up late,and dietary habits among PCOS patients across different latent classes(P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that age 15 to＜21 years,smoking history,habit of staying up late,and pronounced dietary preferences were factors influencing the high-symptom group among PCOS patients(P＜0.05).Age 15 to＜21 years,marital status,and smoking history were identified as factors influencing the typical physiological signs group(P＜0.05).Smoking history and a preference for spicy foods were factors associated with the prominent psychological symptoms group(P＜0.05). Conclusions:Clinical characteristics of PCOS patients exhibit heterogeneity and can be classified into four latent categories.As the second largest subtype,the group with prominent psychological symptoms suggests that clinical management should extend beyond a sole focus on physical symptoms to include systematic assessment of psychological status and greater attention to lifestyle management.Management strategies should be tailored according to subgroup characteristics to comprehensively improve the quality of life of women with PCOS.