荒野保护与识别的国际经验及启示OACHSSCD

In 1924,when the United States of America designated the Gila Wilderness in New Mexico as an administrative division,the term"wilderness"was first used.In 1964,the Wilderness Act of the United States was promulgated and implemented.In 1977,the first World Wilderness Congress was held in South Africa.Since then,wilderness preservation has gradually become a global conservation strategy.At present,China has yet officially defined and recognized wilderness areas in the natural protected areas system,and thus failed to have wilderness areas differentially protected.However,precious wilderness resources are an objective reality that requires urgent and systematic research.The paper traces the origin and development of international wilderness preservation,summarizes the progress of 12 sessions of World Wilderness Congress held so far,and highlights the main advancements in wilderness identification technologies.The challenges faced by China's wilderness identification research and practices are identified,including the lack of uniformity in evaluation index systems,differences in data sources and accuracy leading to significant variations in identification results,and the absence of connection and transmission between evaluation results of wilderness identification at different scales.Four suggestions are proposed to establish an index system for wilderness identification at different spatial scales,strengthen the application and transformation of the research and mapping results of provincial wilderness identification,draw the continuous spectrum map of wilderness for large-scale natural protected areas as the base for master plan development,and further explore the application direction of wilderness identification technology.