成都市白鹭湾国家城市湿地公园鸟类多样性初探OA

To clarify the composition and diversity characteristics of the bird community in Bailuwan National Urban Wetland Park,Chengdu,and to evaluate conservation value of birds as well as the major driving and limiting factors affecting bird diversity,field surveys were conducted from July to September 2025 and in January 2026 using line transects and point counts within the wetland park and its surrounding 200 m buffer zone.Historical literature and citizen-science observation records were further integrated to compile a bird checklist.Based on these data,the community structure,residency types,zoogeographical composition,and ecological guilds of birds were analyzed.A total of 90 bird species belonging to 13 orders and 38 families were recorded.Passeriformes constituted the dominant taxonomic group,accounting for 58.89％of the total species.Resident birds(50.00％)and summer migrants(18.89％)represented the major residency types,while Oriental Realm species dominated the breeding avifauna(64.52％).The recorded birds were classified into six ecological guilds,among which songbirds accounted for the highest proportion(58.89％).Wetland-associated birds,including waterfowl,wading birds,and shoreline birds,comprised 26 species,accounting for 28.89％of the total recorded species.In addition,four nationally protected Class Ⅱ species and two Near Threatened species were documented,highlighting the considerable conservation value of the wetland park.The relatively high bird diversity in the park is mainly attributed to favorable wetland connectivity,diverse habitat types,suitable climatic conditions,and increasing public awareness of ecological conservation.However,the relatively low richness of wetland birds is primarily constrained by insufficient food resources,simplified habitat structure,as well as anthropogenic disturbances such as traffic noise from the expressway north of the Bailuwan National Urban Wetland Park and tourist activities.Accordingly,management strategies including optimized vegetation configuration,wetland habitat restoration,human disturbance control,establishment of long-term monitoring programs,and enhancement of environmental education are proposed to improve avian diversity,particularly wetland bird richness,and to support the sustainable development of urban wetland park ecosystems.