Rsc基因转化高效诱导玉米花青素合成及籽粒富集的研究OA

Anthocyanins,as an important class of plant secondary metabolites,hold broad application prospects in the fields of food and medicine.Maize(Zea mays L.),as a major food crop,requires the study of its anthocyanin biosynthetic mechanisms for quality improvement.This study focused on the key transcription factor gene Rsc(Zm00001eb089420_T001)in the anthocyanin synthesis path-way.Using Agrobacterium-mediated transformation,the maize embryogenic callus was genetically transformed with an expression vector,yielding four purple-phenotype grains.PCR and Southern hy-bridization assays revealed that 11.11％of the T1 generation population exhibited constitutive purple coloration throughout the plant,with deep purple grains in self-pollinated ears,indicating that strong Rsc gene expression stably drives anthocyanin accumulation in all plant tissues and grains.Anthocyanin composition analysis showed that the total anthocyanin content in grains was the highest(427.68±1.90 mg/100g DW),significantly higher than in stems(372.08±8.44 mg/100g DW).Among the three major monomers,luteolin had the highest content(296.78±0.49 mg/100g DW in male flow-ers);apigenin accumulated significantly higher in reproductive organs(grains,male flowers)than in vegetative organs(roots,stems,leaves);and peony pigment was highest in roots(49.25±6.09 mg/100g DW).This study confirmed that genetic transformation of Rsc gene could efficiently induce anthocyanin synthesis in multiple tissues of maize.As the key organ for anthocyanin accumulation,maize grain provided a material basis for creating high anthocyanin maize germplasm.