人工智能驱动科学研究战略的国际比较与政策启示OACHSSCD

Artificial intelligence for science(AI4S)is rapidly becoming a new focal point in global technological competition.Major developed economies,such as the United States,the European Union,the United Kingdom,and Japan,have successively introduced national-level strategies aimed at seizing leading positions in the transformation of scientific research paradigms.Through a systematic comparison of their strategic plans,AI4S strategies share four common trends:shifting from instrumental value to a critical arena for international competition,evolving from isolated breakthroughs to systemic capacity building,transitioning from an exploratory topic to a nationally urgent task,and moving from fragmented initiatives to multi-stakeholder collaboration.Based on an analysis of international strategic trends,as well as China's scientific and technological foundations,industrial strengths,and institutional characteristics,this study proposes several insights and recommendations.These include accelerating the establishment of a national strategic direction for AI4S development,strengthening core competencies to build systemic advantages,prioritizing key areas and directions for AI4S development,and actively engaging in AI4S governance to shape international standards.