强人类干扰人工河流健康评价OA

Artificial rivers under severe human disturbances have emerged as crucial regulatory entities impacting regional water security and ecological integrity against the backdrop of rapid global urbanization.These ecosystems are naturally fragile,which is exacerbated by intense anthropogenic disturbances,posing unique challenges to river health and management.River health assessment,which serves as a critical tool for diagnosing river health and associated problems,is required for scientific river conservation and management.However,there is a significant gap between theory and practice in terms of health assessments for artificial rivers subjected to high levels of human disturbance.First,the meaning of health for these rivers is still unclear,which leads to assessment indicator systems that are not applicable or specific.Second,existing evaluation criteria for artificial rivers are generally based on ecological health assessment frameworks designed for natural rivers,which fail to account for the absence of natural baselines for artificial rivers.Thus,it is essential to create a framework for health assessment specifically designed for artificial rivers under severe human disturbance. The Taipu River flows for 57.6 kilometers from East Taihu Lake to the Huangpu River,passing through Wujiang District(Jiangsu Province),Jiashan County(Zhejiang Province),and Qingpu District(Shanghai).As one of the largest artificial rivers in the Taihu basin,it is an important channel for allocating regional water resources.This research focused on the Taipu River within a 2 kilometer buffer zone along the shoreline,which was divided into five reaches from upstream to downstream.Based on the characteristics of artificial rivers under intensive human disturbances and the regional master planning,the connotation of the Taipu River's health was systematically analyzed.The pressure-state-response(PSR)model was used to create a health assessment index system with 23 indicators across three dimensions.Health status was graded into five categories based on relevant literature,standards,and expert opinions.The entropy weight method was used to determine the objective weights for each indicator.Finally,the health status and changing trends were analyzed by applying the fuzzy matter-element extension model. The results revealed that the weights of the indicators ranged from 0.020 to 0.094,with construction land having the highest weight and environmental protection investment having the lowest.Reach A was evaluated as very healthy(grade Ⅰ)overall,showing a pattern of"moderate pressure(grade Ⅲ)-good state(grade Ⅰ)-moderate response(grade Ⅲ)".Reach B was evaluated as unhealthy(grade Ⅳ)overall,with a deteriorating trend towards sick(grade Ⅴ).Among the 23 indicators,a total of 13(approximately 56%of the total)were rated as grade Ⅳ or Ⅴ.Reach C was evaluated as very healthy(grade Ⅰ)overall,with the pattern of"high pressure(grade Ⅳ)-good state(grade Ⅰ)-high response(grade Ⅱ)".Reach D was evaluated as healthy(grade Ⅱ)overall,showing a pattern of"high pressure(grade Ⅳ)-good state(grade Ⅰ)-high response(grade Ⅱ)",with a development trend towards very healthy(grade Ⅰ).Reach E was evaluated as very healthy(grade Ⅰ)overall,exhibiting the highest membership degree for very healthy among the five reaches.All five reaches universally exhibited issues of low proportions of ecological revetments,low aquatic vegetation coverage,and low riparian vegetation coverage. The health assessment framework for the Taipu River is developed by taking into account both the natural and social characteristics of artificial rivers.Its current health status and development trends are evaluated,with key issues identified.It is recommended to prioritize governance efforts in the following areas:ecological bank reinforcement,construction of aquatic vegetation in the riparian zone,and zonal vegetation restoration.This study provides useful reference information for protecting other artificial rivers from human disturbances.