"水-居"互构的江南水乡聚落空间格局解析OACHSSCD

The regional environment of Jiangnan water towns is closely intertwined with human settlement spaces.The settlement spatial pattern derived from water-settlement co-construction constitutes a unique form of interaction between human society and the natural environment since ancient times,showing profound cultural heritage value.A case study of typical Jiangnan water town settlements centering on the Taihu Lake Basin was conducted.A spatial pattern analysis framework of"structural elements—scale characterization—order mechanism"for Jiangnan water town settlements was developed theoretically through research methods,including agricultural historical literature textural research,graphic semantic interpretation,and in-site settlement investigation.Results showed that:(1)in terms of spatial structural elements,the settlement spatial organization mode of mountain-water-polder-settlement constitutes the construction logic of"water-settlement"co-construction in Jiangnan water towns,which pursue naturality,literature worship,and harmony.Specifically,morphological differences in water networks determine the basic spatial types of settlements and their co-constructed structural characteristics.(2)Regarding spatial scale characterization,sub-geographic units at different scales present distinctive settlement spatial organization modes,as well as differentiated residential forms and typical attributes.At the macro-regional level,water town settlements can be categorized into four types:the low hill river valley field settlement,the plain river network polder settlement,the wetland lake basin dike pond settlement,and the high sand land waterways flat field settlement.Each type exhibits distinctive water town spatial features with diverse spatial morphologies,including point,linear,and cluster morphologies.They observe a grouped distribution law integrating concentration and extension,forming typical"water settlement"co-construction traits,such as layout along creeks,riverside inhabitation,lakeside settlement,water-surrounded residences,and river confluence agglomeration.(3)Considering the spatial coupling mechanism,the natural geographic background of interlaced water networks and lake basins,the production system driven by water conservancy and agricultural reclamation,and the humanistic order coordinated with social residential life are mutually coupled.This ultimately shapes the spatial organization and order of land-based settlements in polders along waterways,embodying the localized settlement wisdom of dwelling closely with water in Jiangnan.Based on the distinctive human settlement system of Jiangnan water towns,the spatial cognition theories involving settlement structural elements,scale characterization,and order mechanisms were analyzed from the innovative perspective of"water settlement"co-construction.Results provide theoretical support for the sustainable development of human water symbiosis in Jiangnan water town settlements.