中国红树林北缘引种区和天然分布区秋茄种群结构与动态特征研究OACHSSCD
Study on the Population Structure and Dynamic Characteristics of Kandelia obovata in the Northern Marginal In-troduction and Natural Distribution Regions of Mangroves in China
以浙江省西门岛 1957 年引种存活的秋茄人工林和福建省福鼎秋茄天然林为研究对象,基于野外样方调查和统计对 2 个秋茄种群结构与动态进行分析,以期为我国红树林北缘引种区和天然分布区秋茄林管理与保护以及未来红树林北扩提供科学依据.结果表明:西门岛秋茄人工林种群和福鼎秋茄天然林种群的高度结构和径级结构存在明显差异,西门岛秋茄人工林种群内以株高 1.0～1.5 m 为主,无株高 0.5 m 以下个体,以Ⅲ～Ⅵ径级为主,无Ⅰ径级的个体;福鼎秋茄天然林种群内株高 2.0～2.5 m 和 0.5 m 以下个体较多,以Ⅰ和Ⅳ～Ⅵ径级为主.2个秋茄种群的存活曲线都属于 Deevey-Ⅱ型,死亡率偏高.2 个秋茄种群的生存率和累计死亡率曲线互补,均在第1 龄级时死亡密度最大.2 个秋茄种群相邻 2 个龄级间的动态指数(Vn)波动变化很大,Vpi(忽略外部干扰时的种群动态指数)>V'pi(考虑外部随机干扰时的动态指数)>0,表明 2 个种群总体呈增长趋势,但对外界干扰敏感度较高.在未来 2、4、6、8、10 个龄级时间后,西门岛秋茄人工林种群老龄个体逐渐增多,幼龄个体减少,种群增长性难以长期维持;而福鼎秋茄天然林种群在长期预测下种群数量呈现增长趋势.从分布格局看,福鼎秋茄天然林种群的 4 个发育阶段和西门岛秋茄人工林种群的小树群呈聚集分布,西门岛秋茄人工林种群的大树群和老树群呈均匀分布.总体而言,西门岛秋茄人工林的植株长势、种群增长性、种群结构稳定性均弱于福鼎秋茄天然林.
This study aims to provide a scientific basis for the management and conservation of Kandelia obovata forests in the northern marginal introduction and natural distribution regions of mangroves in China,as well as to inform future north-ward expansion of mangroves.Based on field plot survey data,the population structure and dynamics of K.obovata planta-tions established since 1957 on Ximen Island,Zhejiang Province,and natural K.obovata populations in Fuding,Fujian Province,were characterized.The results reveal significant differences in height and diameter class structures between the two populations.The artificial population on Ximen Island was dominated by individuals with heights of 1.0-1.5 m and diameter classes Ⅲ-Ⅵ,with no individuals below 0.5 m in height or in diameter class Ⅰ.In contrast,the natural popu-lation in Fuding primarily consisted of individuals with heights of 2.0-2.5 m and below 0.5 m,and the diameter classes were mainly distributed in classes Ⅰ and Ⅳ-Ⅵ.Both populations exhibited Deevey Ⅱ-type survival curves,character-ized by relatively high mortality rates.The survival rate and cumulative mortality rate curves of both populations were com-plementary,with peak mortality density occurring at the first age class.The dynamic indices indicate pronounced fluctua-tions in Vn for both populations,with Vpi>V'pi>0,suggesting an overall growth trend but high sensitivity to external dis-turbances.Long-term projections of the artificial population on Ximen Island showed an increase in older individuals and a decline in younger individuals over 2,4,6,8,and 10 age classes,indicating difficulty in sustaining long-term population growth.In contrast,the natural population in Fuding was projected to increase steadily over extended periods.Spatial a-nalysis show that all four developmental stages of the natural population in Fuding and the small tree group of the artificial population on Ximen Island exhibited aggregated distribution patterns.In contrast,the large tree and old tree groups in the artificial population in Ximen Island displayed uniform distribution patterns.Overall,the growth performance,population development,and structural stability of the K.obovata plantation in Ximen Island were inferior to those of the natural K.obovata forest in Fuding.
刘孟兰;祁政宇;朱明栋;陈磊;王平;徐娜娜
浙江海洋大学水产学院,浙江 舟山 316022浙江海洋大学水产学院,浙江 舟山 316022浙江大学舟山海洋研究中心,浙江 舟山 316021浙江大学舟山海洋研究中心,浙江 舟山 316021浙江海洋大学水产学院,浙江 舟山 316022浙江海洋大学水产学院,浙江 舟山 316022
农业科技
红树林北缘秋茄种群结构动态空间分布格局西门岛
northern marginal region of mangrovesKandelia obovatapopulation structure dynamicsspatial distribution patternXimen Island
《生态与农村环境学报》 2026 (6)
795-805,11
浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(LTGS23C030004)国家自然科学基金项目(32201380)
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