减污降碳扩绿增长协同增效的时空分异、差异成因与驱动因素OACHSSCD

Promoting the synergistic enhancement of pollution reduction,carbon mitigation,green expansion and econom-ic growth is a key task in achieving a comprehensive green transition in economic and social development.This study has revealed the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics,spatial clustering patterns,causes of regional disparities and spatio-temporal heterogeneity of driving factors underlying the synergistic efficacy in Chinese cities from 2004 to 2021.The results show that:(1)The synergistic efficacy index exhibited an upward trend,with a mean increase of 285%and year-on-year improvement,while the overall regional disparities expanded.The spatial transition pattern largely followed a'northeast-southwest'structure,and spatial distribution tended toward balance.(2)Spatial clustering was dominated by HH-type and LL-type agglomerations with their proportions increased from 28%to 33%and decreased from 54%to 37%,respec-tively,forming an"east-high,west-low"gradient distribution.(3)The overall disparity in synergistic efficacy showed no significant change.Differences mainly stemmed from inter-regional disparities,with the largest gap observed between east-ern and central regions(mean value 0.453),and the smallest disparities were between central and western regions.East-ern regions exhibited relatively higher intra-regional imbalance.(4)Per capita carbon dioxide emissions and per capita e-lectricity consumption generally had a negative impact on synergistic efficacy,accounting for approximately 50%and 75%of the effect,respectively.In contrast,per capita green space and fixed capital stock showed positive effects,with fluctua-tions strengthening by 6%-8%.The spatial heterogeneity of per capita electricity consumption and per capita green space increased,while that of per capita carbon emissions and fixed capital stock decreased.Finally,the study proposes coun-termeasures focusing on differentiated regional governance,cross-regional collaboration,and dynamic factor regulation.