基于生命周期评估的"以大代小"政策对陆上风电碳足迹影响及时空演化分析OA

The carbon footprint of wind power is of great significance in promoting the energy transition,helping to achieve carbon neutrality goals,enhancing the competitiveness of the wind power industry,improving relevant policies and regulations,and increasing public environmental awareness.This paper,employing the life cycle assessment(LCA)method and based on literature review and field research,calculates the carbon footprint of onshore wind turbines of varying capacities from 1 MW to 3 MW.It also analyzes the impact of annual changes in the installed capacity proportion of different-scale turbines on the carbon footprint.The study finds that the carbon footprints of 1 MW turbines[7.11 g CO2e/(kW•h)]and 3 MW turbines[7.61 g CO2e/(kW•h)]are quite similar.In contrast,1.5～1.9 MW turbines exhibit the highest carbon footprint,reaching 32.09 g CO2e/(kW•h).Driven by the"replace small with large"policy,the installed capacity proportion of small-scale turbines has decreased year by year,leading to a 9.92 g CO2e/(kW•h)reduction in the overall carbon footprint in 2023 compared to 2015.Notably,the change in the installed capacity of 1.5～1.9 MW turbines made the most significant contribution to this reduction.The research concludes that adjustments in turbine scale and proportion,along with precise carbon footprint calculations,are of substantial importance for effectively reducing carbon emissions and promoting the green development of the wind power industry.