基于SSR分子标记的青稞品种鉴定及遗传多样性分析OA

To establish a molecular identification system and DNA fingerprint database for hulless bar-ley(Hordeum vulgare L.var.nudum Hook.f.)varieties in China,this study aimed to screen a set of SSR core primers suitable for national variety identification standards,thereby providing technical support for variety authentication,management,and new variety protection.Based on previously re-ported SSR markers of hulless barley,PCR amplification,marker screening,and validation were per-formed across diverse varieties,followed by analyses of genetic diversity and discrimination efficiency.Using 155 hulless barley accessions,200 SSR primer pairs were subjected to polymorphism screening.Twenty-one core primers were selected based on criteria including clear and easily interpretable peak patterns,high polymorphism(mean PIC=0.68),amplification stability,and even chromosomal dis-tribution.Reference varieties(e.g.,Yunqing 4,Diqing 4,and Kunlun 8)were employed to validate the stability and reliability of these primers.The constructed DNA fingerprint database for 155 acces-sions detected 137 alleles,ranging from 2 to 10 per locus(mean=6.52).The polymorphism informa-tion content(PIC)values varied between 0.39 and 0.85(mean=0.68),with 95.24％of loci classified as highly polymorphic(PIC＞0.5).These 21 primers achieved a discrimination efficiency of 99.991％,distinguishing 153 out of 155 accessions.Cluster analysis,population structure analysis,and principal component analysis classified the 154 accessions into three distinct groups,revealing rich genetic di-versity and simple genetic backgrounds in 45.81％of the accessions.The SSR-based identification system developed in this study demonstrated high accuracy and practical applicability,enabling au-thenticity verification,auxiliary screening of approximate varieties in DUS testing,and intellectual property protection.Furthermore,the DNA fingerprint database and genetic diversity analysis pro-vide valuable molecular-level insights for future hulless barley breeding programs.