林业碳票制度促进森林碳汇生态产品价值实现与农民增收的基本逻辑和实践路径OACHSSCD

⑴ Background——Promoting the value realization of forest ecological products is a key path to overcoming the dilemma of the"resource curse"in regions rich in forest resources and practicing the"Two Mountains"theo-ry.The forestry carbon tickets system provides a new mechanism for converting forest carbon sinks resources into tradable ecological assets.At present,relevant studies on forestry carbon tickets mainly focus on such issues as concept definition,policy interpretation,and value realization of forest ecological products.However,a theoretical framework for the forestry carbon tickets system to promote the value realization of forest ecological products and increase farmers'income has not yet been established,nor have its practical dilemmas and solution paths been ex-plored. ⑵ Methods——This paper first discussed the scientific connotation,practical origin,development and effects of the forestry carbon tickets system.It then constructed a theoretical analytical framework of"institutional innovation-market response-factors empowerment"based on various economic theories,and systematically ana-lyzed the basic logic of the forestry carbon tickets system in promoting the value realization of forest ecological products and increasing farmers'income.In addition,it further examined the practical bottlenecks that restrict the effectiveness of this system.Finally,it proposed some practical paths to optimize the forestry carbon tickets system. ⑶ Results——The basic logic of the forestry carbon tickets system in promoting the value realization of for-est carbon sinks ecological products and increasing farmers'income is as follows:In terms of institutional innova-tion,it can clarify the property rights boundaries and reduce the transaction costs of carbon sinks.In terms of market response,it promotes the value realization of forest carbon sinks ecological products and the income in-crease of farmers through three dimensions:demand pull,supply support and externality correction.In terms of factors empowerment,it promotes the appreciation of ecological capital through ecological capital operation.The practical constraints restricting the forestry carbon tickets system from promoting the value realization of forest car-bon sinks ecological products and increasing farmers'income mainly include insufficient market demand,imper-fect trading mechanisms,immature benefit linkage mechanisms,and an inadequate financial support system. ⑷ Conclusions and Discussions——Through the three mechanisms of institutional innovation,market re-sponse and factors empowerment,forestry carbon tickets have realized the market-based transformation of local forestry carbon sinks resources,providing a convenient and low-cost implementation path for farmers to share car-bon sinks benefits.However,in local practice,the effectiveness of the forestry carbon tickets system still faces some practical constraints.In response,we should adhere to systematic governance thinking,establish a long-term operation mechanism for the forestry carbon tickets system,improve the full-chain policy support system for it,create a trading system for forest carbon sinks ecological products with efficient resource allocation,empower the carbon sinks monitoring,accounting and certification system with technological innovation,and explore a cross-re-gional benefit-sharing system for multi-party win-win cooperation.