高光谱微波辐射计通道带宽对大气探测的影响OA

Hyperspectral microwave radiometers,which achieve high-spectral-resolution atmospheric observations by significantly increasing the number of channels,represent a core direction for the advancement of next-generation microwave remote sensing technology.Addressing the critical issue of channel bandwidth configuration,this study proposes an optimized scheme based on the configuration of traditional microwave temperature sounders.Guided by significant differences in atmospheric transmittance and the vertical distribution of weighting functions,two additional detection regions were introduced within the 50 GHz～60 GHz oxygen absorption band:50.3 GHz～54.3 GHz and 56.3 GHz～57.3 GHz.Comparative analyses of atmospheric temperature retrievals were conducted under varying channel bandwidths for these two regions.The results demonstrate that the introduction of hyperspectral subdivision channels significantly improves atmospheric temperature retrieval accuracy.However,the optimal bandwidth strategy differs distinctly between the two regions.In the 50.3 GHz～54.3 GHz band,the 500 MHz wide-bandwidth scheme performs best,reducing the root-mean-square error(RMSE)of retrievals in the middle and lower troposphere to 0.6 K～0.8 K.Conversely,in the 56.3 GHz～57.3 GHz band,the 5 MHz narrow-bandwidth scheme proves optimal,significantly enhancing retrieval accuracy for the atmosphere at altitudes of 15 km～40 km.This study elucidates the quantitative relationship between channel bandwidth and retrieval accuracy across different spectral regions,providing a crucial theoretical basis for the design of payloads for next-generation high-performance meteorological satellites.