四川麻兔不同泌乳时期乳脂球膜蛋白的差异分析OA

Milk fat globule membrane(MFGM)proteins play essential roles in lipid metabolism,immune defense,and the regulation of lactation.In this study,the asymmetric track lossless mass analyzer-data-independent acquisition(Astral-DIA)mass spectrometry platform was employed to profile the MFGM proteome of Sichuan rabbits across three lactation stages:early lactation(MM 1),mid-lactation(MM21),and late lactation(MM35).A total of 2 937 MFGM proteins were identified,of which 1 907 were consistently present throughout all lactation stages.Comparative analyses revealed 1 331 differentially expressed MFGM proteins(DEMPs)between early lactation and late lactation,458 DEMPs between mid-lactation and late lactation,and 1 351 DEMPs between early lactation and mid-lactation.Functional annotations based on KEGG pathway analysis,egg-NOG classification,Pfam domain identification,and subcellular localization prediction uncovered distinct stage-specific roles of MFGM proteins:those in early lactation were predominantly linked to immune function,while proteins in mid-lactation and late lactation were functionally stable and mainly involved in nutrient metabolism.Time-course expression patterns of characteristic MFGM proteins were further dissected using optimized Mfuzz clustering,and eight representative proteins were identified and functionally characterized.The MFGM proteins of Sichuan rabbits exhibited complex functional characteristics related to lipid metabolism,vesicle trafficking,signal transduction,and immune protection,supporting both energy supply and innate immunity in neonates.This study elucidates the specific proteomic characteristics and biological significance of MFGM proteins during lactation,providing an important foundation for subsequent research on the functional roles of MFGM proteins in milk secretion and development of newborn rabbit pups.