中高年级小学生超重与肥胖的健康干预效果OA

Objective To observe the intervention effect of weight result feedback mechanism based on Capability,Opportunity,Motivation-Behavior(COM-B)theoretical model on overweight and obesity among upper-grade primary school students,so as to provide a basis for establishing an effective and feasible health education intervention model for overweight and obesity.Methods A stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select a nine-year comprehensive school in Gongshu District,Hangzhou City.Students in grades four to six were stratified by grade and randomly divided by class into a control group(323 students)and an intervention group(359 students).A one-year health education intervention mainly based on the weight result feedback mechanism was implemented.Results A total of 570 students completed the study(292 in the control group and 278 in the intervention group).After the intervention,the overweight rate and obesity rate in the intervention group decreased from 13.3%and 14.0%to 9.4%and 7.5%,respectively.The intervention effect was better in boys than in girls,and better in fifth-grade students than in fourth-and sixth-grade students,with statistically significant differences(all P<0.05).In the intervention group,the proportion of students who consumed fast food takeout less than once a week increased by 17.0%,and the proportion who drank sugary beverages less than once a day increased by 18.4%;the proportion who ate fruits and vegetables five or more servings per day increased by 12.6%and 14.4%respectively,and the proportion who engaged in moderate-to-vigorous physical activities for≥five days in the past seven days increased by 20.1%(all P<0.001).Conclusions The health education intervention mainly based on the weight result feedback mechanism can effectively help upper-grade primary school students develop healthy behaviors and prevent the occurrence of overweight and obesity.