源分离尿液绿色处理及资源化利用研究进展OA

The green treatment and resource recovery of source-separated urine have revolutionized the traditional practice of merging urine into municipal wastewater.This approach not only effectively reduces the operational load on sewage treatment plants,but also enables efficient recovery of water,nutrients and energy from urine,achieving the goal of"waste to wealth".Based on analyzing urine composition and properties,three main resource recovery forms(water recovery,nutrient recovery and energy recovery)were reviewed from their key technologies and research progress.Evaporation,freeze-thawing and membrane separation are the primary technologies for water recovery from urine.Nutrient recovery mainly focuses on nitrogen or phosphorus compounds and struvite.Energy recovery is achieved through bioelectrochemical technologies and novel electrochemical technologies(direct urea fuel cells and urea electrolysis for hydrogen production).The source-separated urine treatment and resource utilization technologies including coupled processes were especially emphasized,particularly,the advanced techniques addressing challenges in different recovery forms.Finally,research priorities and future trends were summarized to guide efficient,green treatment and resource utilization of source-separated urine.