红景天及其活性成分防治神经退行性病变药理作用的研究进展OA

As a traditional Chinese medicine,Rhodiola is characterised by multi-pathway and multi-target in preventing and treating neurodegenerative diseases.Rhodiola and its active components can reduce the deposition of β-amyloid,decrease tau protein hyperphosphorylation,prevent α-synuclein aggregation,activate autophagy,and alleviate neurotoxicity.Rhodiola and its active components can enhance the activity of NADPH oxidase 2 and alleviate oxidative stress by activating the DJ-1/nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(NF-E2-related factor 2)/heme oxygenase-1 signaling pathways.Rhodiola and its active components can inhibit the activation of the nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)signaling pathway,prevent the formation of the NOD-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome,reduce the secretion of various pro-inflammatory factors,regulate the gut-brain axis,and alleviate inflammatory responses.Rhodiola and its active components can regulate apoptosis-related proteins,activate the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/Akt and Nrf2/glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4)signaling pathways,and inhibit neuronal apoptosis.Rhodiola and its active components can upregulate the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor,inhibit the excessive activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathway,and enhance neural plasticity.Rhodiola and its active components can improve cholinergic neuronal function and promote the recovery of learning and memory functions.Rhodiola and its active components can promote the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate,enhance mitophagy,improve mitochondrial function,and exert a protective effect on neural function.This review summarizes recent reports on the application of Rhodiola and its active components in the prevention and treatment of neuro-degenerative diseases,and summarizes their pharmacological effects to provide a reference for clinical practice and future research reference.