无人机有序播种技术研究进展与展望OA

Unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)seeding offers distinct advantages such as excellent trafficability and high operating efficiency,and has gradually become an important development trend of crop direct seeding technology.Currently,UAV-based direct seeding is mainly dominated by broadcasting,which has problems including poor seed falling uniformity,and easy occurrence of diseases and pests caused by poor air permeability.Achieving ordered UAV seeding to enhance the row and hill alignment of seeds is conducive to improving sowing quality,which in turn fosters stable and increased crop yields.This paper provided a comprehensive review and analysis of current ordered UAV seeding technologies.First,according to the structural configurations of seed-metering devices and their seed detachment mechanisms,existing seeding apparatuses were categorized into four types and reviewed respectively:Direct-row,pneumatic,spot-injection,and pulsed jet systems.On this basis,the differences among these devices in terms of seed-metering mechanisms,seed acceleration modes,and operational characteristics were comparatively analyzed,and current technical bottlenecks of ordered UAV seeding were identified.Lastly,the main challenges in current UAV ordered seeding technology were analyzed,focusing on wind field interference,seeding device-UAV platform adaptability,and the integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy.In response to the above challenges,this paper prospected the development directions including downwash wind field control technology,optimal design and UAV platform adaptation of seeding devices,and precision seeding with coordination of agricultural machinery and agronomy,aiming to provide references for promoting the development of ordered UAV seeding technology.