丝瓜新品种'衡亮3号'的选育及其栽培技术OA

[Objective]This study aims to introduce the breeding process,characteristic traits,and supporting high-yield cultivation techniques of the new sponge gourd variety'Hengliang No.3',thereby providing a reference for growers in production.[Method]A naturally occurring mutant individual of Zhuzhou White Sponge Gourd,collected in 2010 from Baiguan Town,Zhuzhou,was used as the original germplasm.Through six consecutive generations of directed selection within lines and pedigree selection of individual plants,a genetically stable paternal inbred line,designated'S05',was developed.Using a local elite white sponge gourd variety from Lingpo Township,Hengshan County,Hengyang City,as the base material,the maternal inbred line'M03'was selected after seven generations of systematic breed-ing.The new hybrid variety'Hengliang No.3'was then developed by crossing'M03'(female parent)with'S05'(male parent).A systematic evaluation of its botanical characteristics,yield potential,dis-ease resistance,and quality traits was performed through three consecutive years of variety comparison tri-als,two years of five-site regional trials,and three years of production demonstration trials.The results were comparatively analyzed against the locally dominant cultivar,Zhuzhou White Sponge Gourd.[Re-sult]'Hengliang No.3'is an early-maturing F1 hybrid white sponge gourd variety characterized by strong tolerance to high temperature and humidity,as well as vigorous plant growth.The first female flower ap-pears on the 5th to 9th node of the main vine,and the variety exhibits outstanding continuous fruit-setting ability.The fruit is short,cylindrical,and round,with a white-green,glossy skin.The flesh is white and exhibits resistance to browning.Individual fruit weight ranges from 0.47 to 0.61 kg,with a longitu-dinal diameter of 25.8～26.9 cm and a transverse diameter of 5.7～6.3 cm.The average early-stage yield is 926.7 kg/mu(about 666.7 m2),and the average total yield is 2 889.6 kg/mu,representing a highly significant increase(P<0.01)compared to the control variety,Zhuzhou White Sponge Gourd.[Conclusion]'Hengliang No.3'possesses a fresh,fragrant,and sweet taste with excellent marketability.Its strong comprehensive resistance meets the current market demand for high-quality white sponge gourd.This variety is suitable for large-scale cultivation and promotion in Hunan Province and other regions with similar climatic conditions.