卵母细胞发育潜能的无创预测指标研究进展OA

Oocyte developmental competence serves as a core determinant for the efficiency of in vitro embryo production in livestock and poultry and the propagation rate of elite breeding herds.Establishing highly efficient,accurate,and non-invasive evaluation methods represents a pivotal scientific issue that needs to be urgently addressed in the field of animal reproduction.As supporting cells accompanying oocytes,cumulus cells can indirectly reflect the developmental status of oocytes through their unique characteristics in gene functions,microRNA(miRNA),morphological traits and physiological functions.Follicular fluid forms the direct microenvironment for oocyte development,and its components including hormones,cytokines,extracellular vesicles and metabolites can serve as peripheral predictive indicators.The application of artificial intelligence and multi-omics technologies has further promoted the development of oocyte quality assessment towards intelligent,standardized and high-throughput approaches.Firstly,based on recent relevant domestic and international research findings,this review systematically and comprehensively summarizes the research progress in non-invasive prediction of oocyte developmental competence from three aspects:molecular markers derived from cumulus cells,biomarkers in the follicular fluid microenvironment,and artificial intelligence-based non-invasive prediction technologies.Secondly,it clarifies the underlying mechanisms and application of various predictive markers,and highlights current research limitations in terms of species specificity,combined multi-marker detection,and translational application in livestock and poultry production.Thirdly,this paper prospects future research directions covering multi-dimensional technological integration,precise developmental regulation and intelligent evaluation systems.This review aims to provide a practical theoretical reference for fundamental research and on-site production application in animal reproduction and breeding.