蝴蝶多样性的调查评估与空间分布特征分析OA

Line transect method was used for sampling in the study area to explore the diversity,spatial distribution pattern and influencing factors of butterflies in Shenzhen.Richness index,diversity index and evenness index were applied to evaluate and analyze butterfly diversity.Kriging interpolation in ArcGIS was adopted to characterize the spatial distribution of butterflies,and factors affecting butterfly distribution were analyzed.The results showed that a total of 2 360 individuals belonging to 123 species,80 genera and 5 families were recorded in the study area.Eurema hecabe and Zizula hylax were identified as absolute dominant species(d>0.1).In terms of species quantity,Nymphalidae(53 species)>Lycaenidae(31 species)>Hesperiidae(20 species)>Papilionidae(12 species)>Pieridae(7 species).Nymphalidae possessed the largest number of species and individuals with the highest richness index,while Pieridae had the fewest species and the lowest richness index.The diversity index followed the order of Nymphalidae>Hesperiidae>Papilionidae>Lycaenidae>Pieridae,and the evenness index ranked as Hesperiidae>Papilionidae>Nymphalidae>Pieridae>Lycaenidae.Spatially,Luohu District presented the highest richness index of 8.19,whereas Guangming District had the lowest value of 2.89.All indices were verified to reach the minimum in Guangming District.Overall,the eastern part possessed more species,more individuals and higher indices than the western part,and similarly,the southern part was generally superior to the northern part.Population density was roughly negatively correlated with butterfly species,while green space area showed a significantly positive correlation with the number of butterfly species(P<0.05).Both environmental factors and human activities exerted certain impacts on the distribution and reproduction of butterflies,and their diversity and richness were directly affected.Baseline data of butterfly biodiversity for each district were preliminarily established,and refined supervision of biodiversity conservation was promoted.Scientific data support was provided for spatial resource planning,and the stability and balance of the ecosystem were facilitated to be maintained.