适宜液体深层培养生产真菌蛋白的糙皮侧耳菌株筛选OA

[Objective]This study aims to screen Pleurotus ostreatus strains suitable for mycoprotein production using submerged liquid culture,thereby providing superior germplasm resources for the alternative protein industry.[Method]Using solid medium plate culture and liquid shake-flask cul-ture,P.ostreatus strains with fast growth,high biomass,and suitability for liquid submerged fermen-tation for fungal protein production were screened.The crude protein content and amino acid composi-tion of the mycelia were determined and compared with the WHO/FAO amino acid scoring pattern and the whole egg pattern.The nutritional value of the protein was comprehensively evaluated using indica-tors such as amino acid score(AAS),ratio of amino acid(RAA),ratio coefficient of amino acid(RC),score of RC(SRC),chemical scord(CS),essential amino acid index(EAAI),biological value(BV),nutrient index(NI).[Result]Using plate culture,15 strains of P.ostreatus with a growth rate higher than 5.50 mm·d-1 were preliminarily screened from 38 strains and subjected to liquid shake-flask cul-ture.Through secondary screening,three strains with the highest biomass were obtained,namely TD80,X831,and TD130,with mycelial biomass values of 18.4,17.1,and 17.0 g·L-1,and crude protein contents of 575.1,403.2,and 447.7 g·kg-1,respectively.In terms of amino acid composi-tion,among the three strains,TD80 had the highest mass fractions of total amino acids,essential amino acids,total flavor amino acids(including umami,sweet,and bitter amino acids),branched-chain amino acids,aromatic amino acids,and sulfur-containing amino acids.It also exhib-ited the highest proportions of sweet amino acids and sulfur-containing amino acids,as well as the best nutritional index.X831 showed the highest proportions of essential amino acids,bitter amino acids,branched-chain amino acids,and aromatic amino acids,along with the best essential amino acid index and BV.TD130 had the highest proportion of umami amino acids.Compared with the WHO/FAO amino acid scoring pattern,the mycelial proteins of the three P.ostreatus strains were rich in threo-nine and tryptophan,but deficient in other amino acids.Compared with the whole egg pattern,the mass fractions of all eight essential amino acids in the mycelial proteins were relatively insufficient.When compared with the above both reference patterns,methionine+cysteine was identified as the first limiting amino acid.[Conclusion]Three P.ostreatus strains suitable for submerged liquid culture to produce edible fungal proteins were screened:TD80 for large-scale fungal protein production,X831 for developing functional nutritional enrichment products,and TD130 for flavor base preparation.These findings support the development of edible fungi with both nutritional and functional properties,as well as the advancement of the alternative protein industry.