菠萝蜜糖类物质种间差异的代谢组分析OA

Jackfruit(Artocarpus heterophyllus)possesses significant nutritional and economic value,with sugar substances playing a critical role in determing fruit quality attributes.However,the content,accumulation type and metabolic pathways of sugar substances,are highly complex and co-regulated by multiple interconnected pathways.To systematically investigate the differences in sugar metabolism and the underlying regulatory networks among distinct jackfruit varieties,as well as the key metabolites and pathway mechanisms,this study selected the pulp from three economically important cultivars,'THA','GTM',and'YNH',at a comparable commercial maturity stage as experimental materials.Employing widely-targeted metabolomics technology,we conducted a systematic identification and quantitative analysis of metabolites present in the fruit pulp.This high-throughput approach enabled the comprehensive profiling of a wide spectrum of biochemical compounds.Differential metabolites were screened through multivariate statistical analyses,including principal component analysis(PCA)and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA).Pathway enrichment analysis of the significantly differential sugar metabolites was performed utilizing the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)database.This integrated strategy allowed for the construction of detailed,variety-specific sugar metabolic networks,revealing the core and specialized pathways active in each cultivar.The results were as follows:(1)A total of 1 381 metabolites across 13 categories were identified,including 65 metabolites classified as sugar metabolites.Among these,33 metabolites exhibited differential accumulation patterns.(2)(2S)-1-O-palmitoleyl-3-O-β-D-galacopyranosylglycerol,1-(sn-glycero-3-phosphate)-1D-inositol,and D-erythrose-4-phosphate were respectively the characteristic metabolites of'THA','GTM',and'YNH'jackfruit fruits.(3)Eleven core sugar metabolic pathways collectively formed the regulatory network in jackfruit pulp.(4)This network exhibited both conservation and cultivar specificity:fundamental pathways-including carbon metabolism(ko01200)and nucleotide sugar biosynthesis(ko00520)—were significantly enriched across all varieties,while unique metabolites and pathways characterized each cultivar.This study investigates the sugar metabolites identified during the metabolic processes of different jackfruit varieties and clarifies that the key characteristic metabolites of these varieties are not common sugars but rather their derivatives or intermediates.This finding not only reveals the specific material basis underlying varietal differences in sugar accumulation but also elucidates a regulatory feature of the jackfruit sugar metabolic network,namely"conserved foundational pathways coupled with specialized individual metabolism".At the metabolic level,this study further uncovers the key mechanisms governing the formation of flavor quality and the reasons for varietal differences in soluble solids(SS)content,thereby providing important theoretical support for the quality improvement of jackfruit.