滨海盐碱地玉米绿豆带状种植对土壤水盐与作物水分利用效率的影响OA
Effects of maize and mung bean intercropping on soil water-salt dynamics and crop water use efficiency in coastal saline-alkali soil
[目的]探究玉米绿豆带状种植对滨海盐碱地土壤水盐分布、作物生长及水分利用效率的影响.[方法]于2022-2023 年在天津滨海盐碱地区开展田间试验,设置单作玉米(T1)、单作绿豆(T2)和玉米绿豆间作(T12)3个处理,研究种植方式对土壤含水率、电导率(ECe)、作物农艺性状、产量、土地当量比(LER)以及作水分利用效率(WUE)影响.[结果]与单作相比,间作玉米株高显著高于单作,2022年和2023年玉米株高分别提高3.4%和 12.7%;间作茎粗亦显著增加,穗长无显著差异;间作绿豆株高和茎粗与单作绿豆间无显著差异.2022年间作玉米千粒质量较单作显著提高 13.98%,2023年差异不显著.2个试验年份间作土地当量比(LER)均大于 1(2022年为 1.43,2023年为 1.68).同一土层中绿豆种植带土壤含水率高于玉米种植带,浅层(0～40 cm)土壤含水率低于深层(40～100 cm).与种植前相比,作物生育期内土壤表层(0～40 cm)含水率增加,土壤 ECe降低.[结论]玉米绿豆带状种植可有效改善滨海盐碱地土壤水盐分布,提高土地生产力和水分利用效率,适宜在该地区推广.
[Objective]Intercropping is an anomic practice that could mitigate the adverse effects of salinity on crops cultivated in coastal saline-alkali soil,yet its effect on water-salt regulation and crop growth remains unclear.This paper investigates the effects of maize-mung bean intercropping on soil water and salt distribution,growth and water use efficiency(WUE)of the crops in a coastal saline-alkali soil.[Method]A two-year field experiment was conducted from 2022 to 2023 in a coastal saline-alkali area in Tianjin.It consisted of three treatments:monocultured maize(T1),monocultured mung bean(T2),and maize-mung bean intercropping(T12).During the experiment,we measured the spatiotemporal changes in soil water content,soil electrical conductivity(ECe),agronomic traits and grain yields of the crops,land equivalent ratio(LER),and WUE for each treatment.[Result]Compared with monoculture,intercropping not only significantly increased maize plant height by 3.4%and 12.7%in 2022 and 2023,respectively,but also markedly increased its stem diameter,with no significant effect on ear length.In contrast,plant height and stem diameter of the intercropped and monocultured mung bean showed no significant difference.Compared with monoculture,intercropping increased the 1 000-grain weight of maize by 13.98%in 2022 and had no significant effect in 2023.The land equivalent ratio(LER)of the intercropping system was 1.43 in 2022 and 1.68 in 2023.At the same soil depth,soil water content in the mung bean strips was higher than that in the maize strips,and soil water content in the topsoil(0-40 cm)was lower than that in the subsoil(40-100 cm).Throughout the crop growth period,topsoil water content increased while its ECe declined,compared with their pre-planting values.[Conclusion]Maize-mung bean intercropping can effectively optimize the spatial distribution of soil water and salt to facilitate maize growth,and improve its water use efficiency in coastal saline-alkali soils.It can thus be adopted as an improved agronomic practice for maize and mung bean production in coastal saline-alkali soils.
盖少阳;薛铸;张凯;申孝军;刘宏权;高惠嫣
天津农学院 水利工程学院,天津 300392天津农学院 水利工程学院,天津 300392天津农学院 水利工程学院,天津 300392天津农学院 水利工程学院,天津 300392河北农业大学 城乡建设学院,河北 保定 071001河北农业大学 城乡建设学院,河北 保定 071001
农业科技
滨海盐碱地间作土壤水盐水分利用效率土地当量比
coastal saline-alkali soilintercroppingsoil water and saltwater use efficiencyland equivalent ratio
《灌溉排水学报》 2026 (7)
60-69,10
河北省重点研发计划项目(22327001D)国家现代农业产业技术体系-食用豆(CARS-08-G-22)现代都市农业智慧灌溉技术项目(XB202016)
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