日本科技现代化的发展历程、政策演进与实践路径OACHSSCD

Scientific and technological modernization represents the manifestation of modernization in the field of science and technology.The development process of Japan's scientific and technological modernization can be divided into four stages:the exploratory period from the Meiji Restoration to World War Ⅱ,the formative period from the end of World War Ⅱ to the 1960s,the development period from the 1970s to the early 21st century,and the transformation period beginning in the 2010s.During the exploratory stage,Japan completed the comprehensive transplantation of Western technologies.In the formative period,it established a national innovation system with distinct Japanese characteristics.In the development stage,Japan achieved technological catch-up with Western countries and adopted the strategy of becoming a science and technology-oriented nation.In the transformation period,Japan has increasingly focused on maintaining its status as a scientific and technological power while emphasizing so-called national security.As a representative of late-developing countries,Japan has promoted the modernization of science and technology through the establishment of a state-led decision-making mechanism,talent cultivation,government-industry-academia collaboration,and strategic coordination with Western countries.Japan's path of promoting scientific and technological modernization offers certain lessons for reference.Meanwhile,it is necessary for China to take strong countermeasures against its current moves to jointly contain China's science and technology development in collusion with the United States and Western countries.