数据资源价格理论体系的建设逻辑、历史演进和机制分析OACHSSCD

As data has been established as an important productive factor following land,labor,capital and technology,the formation of its price and the realization of its value have increasingly become the focus of attention from all sectors of society.Based on a systematic review of relevant studies at home and abroad,this paper constructs an analytical framework for the formation of data resource prices from four dimensions:theoretical logic,practical logic,realistic logic and value logic.At the theoretical level,the non-competitiveness and positive externality of data determine that a balance needs to be sought between the labor theory of value and the marginal utility theory.At the practical level,multiple pricing methods such as the cost,income,and market approaches along with the entire process mechanism of"measurement-pricing-transaction-settlement",jointly shape prices.At the realistic level,elements such as legal systems,market structures,and technical conditions are embedded in the pricing environment.At the value level,the revenue distribution mechanism is the key to stimulating the supply of high-quality data and continuous innovation.On this basis,the article divides the value of data from the perspective of historical evolution into three stages:the gestation,the explosive,and the mature periods,revealing the transformation and upgrading process of data from an auxiliary recording tool to a strategic asset and then to a core driving factor of productivity.Finally,policy suggestions are put forward in improving data property rights legislation,establishing a data asset evaluation system,cultivating a unified trading market,developing privacy computing technology,perfecting the revenue distribution mechanism,and strengthening infrastructure and talent support.