过程强化技术在化工过程本质安全化中的应用进展OA
Advances in the Application of Process Intensification Technologies for Inherent Safer Chemical Processes
通过设备微型化、外场强化等技术手段进行过程强化,在提高反应过程效率的同时,能够调控反应危险物料用量和反应操作条件,这与本质安全设计原则高度契合,已成为实现化工过程本质安全的重要途径,过程强化与本质安全理念的有机融合已成为化工安全领域的重要研究方向.基于此,探讨了微反应器、膜反应器、超重力等典型过程强化技术,其中微反应器凭借高比表面积、低持液量的特点,可将危险物料用量降至微升级,在大幅提升反应转化率的同时减少危险物料用量;膜反应器通过反应与分离耦合,可实时分离危险副产物,兼具安全与环保优势;超重力技术强化传质混合,缩短反应时间、降低操作条件,可有效降低反应失控风险.在相关前沿研究方向中,仿生技术可指导开发新型安全高效设备,人工智能驱动系统能实时监测风险、智能调控操作、提升强化效果,量子计算有助于更加精准模拟反应、预测风险,为工艺安全设计提供支撑.下一步,应重点发展面向复杂过程强化体系的安全与效能协同优化方法,深化安全数据库、机理模型与智能算法的深度融合,显著提升过程强化技术赋能化工过程本质安全化的应用水平.
Process intensification through technologies such as equipment miniaturization and external field enhancement improves reaction efficiency while regulating the inventory of hazardous materials and operating conditions.This closely aligns with inherent safety design principles and has become a crucial approach to a-chieving inherent safety in chemical processes,making the integration of process intensification and inherent safety concepts a vital research direction in chemical safety.Accordingly,this study explored typical process in-tensification technologies,including microreactors,membrane reactors,and high-gravity technology.Specifical-ly,microreactors,characterized by high specific surface areas and low liquid hold-up,can reduce hazardous material inventories to the microliter scale,significantly improving reaction conversion while minimizing hazard-ous material usage.Membrane reactors achieve the real-time separation of hazardous byproducts through the coupling of reaction and separation,offering both safety and environmental benefits.Additionally,high-gravity technology intensifies mass transfer and mixing,shortens reaction times,and enables milder operating condi-tions,thereby effectively reducing the risk of runaway reactions.Regarding frontier research directions,biomim-etic technology can guide the development of novel,safe,and efficient equipment;artificial intelligence-driven systems can monitor risks in real time,intelligently control operations,and enhance intensification effects;and quantum computing facilitates more accurate reaction simulations and risk predictions,providing robust support for process safety design.Future research should focus on developing synergistic optimization methods for safety and efficiency tailored to complex process intensification systems.Furthermore,deepening the integration of safety databases,mechanistic models,and intelligent algorithms will significantly elevate the application of process intensification technologies in empowering inherently safer chemical processes.
冯俊杰
化学品安全全国重点实验室,山东 青岛 266104||中石化安全工程研究院有限公司,山东 青岛 266104
资源环境
化工过程本质安全化过程强化反应器优化仿生技术人工智能量子计算
chemical processinherent safetyprocess intensificationreactor optimizationbiomimetic technologyartificial intelligencequantum computing
《安全、健康和环境》 2026 (6)
1-14,14
国家自然科学基金(21908249),多相微反应器内限域结构影响下的气泡形变与破裂机理研究.
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