瓜蒌高产栽培技术OA

This paper summarized the high-yield cultivation techniques of snakegourd fruit based on practical experience from Shucheng County,Lu'an City,Anhui Province,covering aspects such as variety selection,seedling propagation,and field design.The recommended varieties for the study area are Wanlou 30 and Wanlou 20,with root tuber propagation as the primary method.Seedling arches should be established in plots with fertile soil,adequate water source,and a substrate composed of humus soil,river sand,and decomposed organic fertilizer at a ratio of 7∶2∶1,supplemented with 10 kg/667 m² of phosphate fertilizer.High-quality,high-yield,resistant root tubers should be selected and planted in nutrient pots or non-woven bags for vigorous seedling cultivation.Two field design methods,namely flat ridge with deep furrow and flat furrow with high ridge,are adopted.The trellis construction should follow the principles of"high frame,deep anchoring,and dense wire".Disease-free,high-quality seedlings with a diameter of 2-3 cm and length of 6-8 cm should be selected and planted in spring or autumn using either direct burial or seedling transplanting methods,with 220-240 female plants/667 m2 and 15-20 male plants/667 m2.Regarding water and fertilizer management,emphasis should be placed on applying ample basal fertilizer,controlling seedling fertilizer to prevent excessive vegetative growth,applying fruit-setting fertilizer to promote fruit expansion,and skillfully applying anti-senescence fertilizer to ensure safe overwintering.For disease and pest control,anthracnose should be managed by agricultural measures(e.g.,field cleaning and seed selection),while Fusarium wilt should be controlled by agricultural measures combined with root irrigation(e.g.,10%shuangxiaoling).Diaphania indica and Aulacophora femoralis can be controlled through manual capture combined with biological agents(e.g.,matrine,garlic oil).Harvesting should be carried out from September to November,followed by seed washing and drying until the moisture content falls below 13%before storage.This paper provides a reference for snakegourd fruit cultivation in related regions.