术后胃肠功能障碍评估与干预策略OA

Postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction(POGD)is a common postoperative complication in patients undergoing general surgery,characterized by gastrointestinal mucosal injury,impaired barrier function,and gastrointestinal dysmotility.Clinical manifestations include nausea,vomiting,abdominal distension,and delayed passage of flatus or stool;in severe cases,it may lead to gut-derived infection and multiple organ dysfunction.The pathogenesis of POGD is complex,and there is currently no standardized diagnostic criterion.Although progress has been made in recent years in understanding and managing POGD,effective therapeutic strategies remain limited.Current approaches for the prevention and treatment of POGD mainly include reducing surgical trauma,implementing multimodal analgesia,optimizing perioperative fluid management,and adopting enhanced recovery after surgery strategies such as early enteral feeding.These measures are often combined with pharmacological interventions,including prokinetic agents,opioid receptor antagonists,as well as traditional Chinese medicine.